Angiosperms of dry grasslands and savannahs of Jalapão, the largest conserved Cerrado area in Brazil

Abstract This study provides a checklist of angiosperm species from Jalapão region, Tocantins, Brazil, inserted within the Cerrado biome, a global biodiversity hotspot. The region of Jalapão is still well preserved despite current threats to its biodiversity, however its plant diversity is still poorly understood. To generate the present checklist, fieldwork was carried out and relevant herbarium collections were consulted. Angiosperms distributed in the grassland and savanna physiognomies with dry, non-rocky soils were recorded. We detected 550 species within 85 families. The richest families are Leguminosae, Poaceae, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Rubiaceae, Myrtaceae, Malpighiaceae and Euphorbiaceae. Among the plant species, ten are listed as rare, ten are threatened, and twelve were identified as new to science. This study increases the number of angiosperm species occurring in these vegetation types in Jalapão almost 2-fold compared to previous inventories. The Cerrado biome and Jalapão region are under heavy threat due to agricultural expansion, and our study contributes to the knowledge of plant biodiversity as a fundamental step towards designing and carrying out conservation actions.

摘要 本研究编制了巴西托坎廷斯州贾拉帕奥地区的被子植物（Angiosperm）名录，该区域隶属于全球生物多样性热点地区——塞拉多生物群区（Cerrado biome）。尽管当前该区域的生物多样性面临诸多威胁，但贾拉帕奥地区仍保存完好，不过人们对其植物多样性仍知之甚少。为编制本名录，研究团队开展了野外调查并查阅了相关标本馆馆藏标本。本研究记录了分布于干燥非岩质土壤的草原与稀树草原植被型中的被子植物，共计85科550种。物种丰富度位居前列的科包括豆科（Leguminosae）、禾本科（Poaceae）、菊科（Asteraceae）、唇形科（Lamiaceae）、茜草科（Rubiaceae）、桃金娘科（Myrtaceae）、金虎尾科（Malpighiaceae）以及大戟科（Euphorbiaceae）。在收录的植物物种中，10种被列为稀有物种，10种为受威胁物种，另有12种被确定为科学新种。与以往的本底调查相比，本研究将贾拉帕奥地区此类植被型中的被子植物物种记录量提升了近一倍。塞拉多生物群区与贾拉帕奥地区正面临农业扩张带来的严重威胁，本研究有助于深化对当地植物生物多样性的认知，为制定并实施保护行动奠定了基础。