Data from: Numerous independent gains of torpor and hibernation across endotherms, linked with adaptation to diverse environments

<b>CONTENTS OF THIS DATASET</b><br><br><b>1) time_calibrated_phylogeny.nwk: </b>The phylogeny of 1,338 endotherm species that were included in our study.<br><br><b>2) dataset.csv: </b>All raw data per species that we analysed in this study. This file is composed of the following columns:Species: the scientific name of the species.Common_name: the common name of the species.Class: the class to which the species belongs.Order: the order to which the species belongs.Family: the family to which the species belongs.Dormancy: NO / Torpor / Hibernation, standing for lack of dormancy, daily torpor, or prolonged torpor / hibernation, respectively.Max_longevity_years: maximum longevity in units of years.Migratory: no / yes.Body_mass_g: body mass in g units.BMR_Watt: basal metabolic rate in W units.Brain_size_g: brain mass in g units.Diet: carnivore / herbivore / omnivore.Fossoriality: nonfossorial / semifossorial / fossorial.Daily_activity: cathemeral / crepuscular / diurnal / nocturnal.Aquatic_affinity: very low / low / moderate / high.Range_size_km2: the range size in km² units.Mid_range_lat_dd: the latitude at the centre of the range in decimal degrees.Mid_range_lon_dd: the longitude at the centre of the range in decimal degrees.Mean_temp: the mean temperature at the centre of the range in °C units.SD_temp: the temperature seasonality at the centre of the range in °C units.Annual_precip: the annual precipitation at the centre of the range in kg ⋅ m^-2 ⋅ yr^-1 units.CV_precip: the precipitation seasonality at the centre of the range in kg ⋅ m^-2 units.NPP: the net primary productivity at the centre of the range in g C ⋅ m^-2 ⋅ yr^-1 units.Seasonal_dormancy: NO / YES (whether dormancy occurs in only a single season).Predictable_dormancy: NO / YES (whether conspecifics tend to enter dormancy in a similar manner).Hibernation_with_preparation: NO / YES.Data sources and further information about these variables are available in our study.

**本数据集内容**

**1) time_calibrated_phylogeny.nwk**：本研究纳入的1338种恒温动物的时间校准系统发育树。

**2) dataset.csv**：本研究分析所用的全部物种原始数据集。该文件包含以下列：
`Species`：物种的科学学名；
`Common_name`：物种的通用俗名；
`Class`：物种所属的纲级分类单元；
`Order`：物种所属的目级分类单元；
`Family`：物种所属的科级分类单元；
`Dormancy`：物种休眠状态，取值分别为NO（无休眠）、Torpor（每日蛰伏）、Hibernation（长期蛰伏/冬眠）；
`Max_longevity_years`：最大寿命，单位为年；
`Migratory`：是否具有迁徙行为，取值为no（否）/yes（是）；
`Body_mass_g`：体质量，单位为克（g）；
`BMR_Watt`：基础代谢率，单位为瓦（W）；
`Brain_size_g`：脑质量，单位为克（g）；
`Diet`：食性，取值为carnivore（食肉）、herbivore（食草）、omnivore（杂食）；
`Fossoriality`：掘土栖息习性，取值为nonfossorial（非掘土）、semifossorial（半掘土）、fossorial（全掘土）；
`Daily_activity`：日活动节律模式，取值为cathemeral（昼夜/晨昏活动）、crepuscular（黄昏活动）、diurnal（昼行）、nocturnal（夜行）；
`Aquatic_affinity`：水生亲和性，取值为very low（极低）、low（低）、moderate（中等）、high（高）；
`Range_size_km2`：分布范围面积，单位为平方千米（km²）；
`Mid_range_lat_dd`：分布区中心的纬度，单位为十进制度；
`Mid_range_lon_dd`：分布区中心的经度，单位为十进制度；
`Mean_temp`：分布区中心的平均气温，单位为摄氏度（°C）；
`SD_temp`：分布区中心的气温季节性波动标准差，单位为摄氏度（°C）；
`Annual_precip`：分布区中心的年降水量，单位为kg·m⁻²·yr⁻¹；
`CV_precip`：分布区中心的降水季节性波动变异系数，单位为kg·m⁻²；
`NPP`：分布区中心的净初级生产力，单位为g C·m⁻²·yr⁻¹；
`Seasonal_dormancy`：季节性休眠情况，取值为NO（否，即休眠并非仅发生于单个季节）/YES（是，即休眠仅发生于单个季节）；
`Predictable_dormancy`：同种个体休眠模式一致性，取值为NO（否，即同种个体休眠模式差异显著）/YES（是，即同种个体休眠模式较为统一）；
`Hibernation_with_preparation`：冬眠预备行为，取值为NO（否）/YES（是）。

上述变量的数据源及更多详细信息可参见本研究。