FREQUENCY OF BLOOD GROUPS AND TITERS OF ALLOANTIBODIES IN DOMESTIC CATS

Abstract Hemotherapy requires reliable blood compatibility tests, such as blood typing, to avoid possible transfusion reactions in cats. However, it is also important to avoid neonatal isoerythrolysis. When blood transfusions are performed between incompatible feline donors and recipients, they may develop acute transfusion reactions, especially severe when type A blood is transfused into a type B cat because it has high levels of anti-A alloantibodies. Therefore, knowing on the blood type frequency in feline population of some region can help to determine the transfusion reaction risks and the occurrence of neonatal isoerythrolysis. Addicionally, such risks may be prevented through blood typing, in cases of transfusion. One hundred feline blood samples were collected and anti-A and anti-B blood reagent typing tests were performed, plus titration of alloantibodies of stored plasma. These tests showed a 96% frequency of type A blood and only 4% of type B blood among tested cats. We did not find any AB type blood cat. There is a great risk of adverse reactions after random blood transfusions between non-typed cats.摘要 针对猫咪的血液治疗（hemotherapy）需依托可靠的血液相容性检测手段，例如血型鉴定（blood typing），以规避潜在的输血反应。此外，预防新生儿同种红细胞溶血病（neonatal isoerythrolysis）同样至关重要。当不相容的猫咪供血者与受血者进行输血操作时，受者可能出现急性输血反应，其中将A型血输注给B型血猫咪时反应尤为严重——这是由于B型血猫咪体内含有高效价的抗A同种抗体（alloantibodies）。因此，明确某一区域猫群的血型分布频率，有助于评估输血反应风险与新生儿同种红细胞溶血病的发生几率。此外，在输血案例中通过血型鉴定可有效防范此类风险。本研究共收集100份猫咪血液样本，开展抗A、抗B血型试剂鉴定试验，并对冻存血浆的同种抗体进行效价滴定。检测结果显示，受试猫咪中A型血占比96%，B型血仅占4%，未检出AB型血个体。未进行血型鉴定的猫咪间随机输血，发生不良反应的风险极高。