Data for " The fecundity costs of building domed nests in birds"

Abstract
Animal nests provide a beneficial environment for offspring development and as such contribute to fitness. Gathering and transporting materials to construct nests is energetically costly, but the life history trade-offs associated with the types of nests built are largely unknown. Who contributes to building the nest could also mediate these trade-offs, as building a nest as a couple is expected to be less costly per individual than building alone. Using a comparative analysis on 227 songbird species globally, we found a fecundity cost associated with the type of nest a species builds. Species that build domed nests produce fewer broods per year than species building cups or platforms. Dome nesting species also have larger clutch sizes than open nesting species, but only when the nest is built by a couple and not when females build nests alone. This suggests that building domed nests represents a trade-off with investment in young, especially when females are solely responsible for nest building. More broadly, our results could explain macroevolutionary patterns, such as the recent finding that females, building on their own, more often build open cup rather than domed nests.

摘要
动物巢穴为幼崽发育提供了适宜的生存环境，进而有助于提升个体适合度。尽管收集、运输筑巢材料需消耗大量能量，但与筑巢类型相关的生活史权衡机制仍鲜为人知。参与筑巢的个体分工模式同样可调节这类权衡：相较于单独筑巢，成对协作筑巢的个体人均能量投入更低。
本研究通过对全球227种鸣禽开展比较分析，发现物种的筑巢类型与其繁殖成本存在显著关联。搭建封闭穹顶巢的物种，其每年的繁殖窝数少于搭建杯状巢或平台巢的物种；同时封闭巢筑造物种的窝卵数大于开放式筑巢物种，但该差异仅存在于成对协作筑巢的类群中，当仅由雌性单独筑巢时则无此现象。这表明搭建封闭穹顶巢与幼崽投入存在进化权衡，尤其是当仅由雌性单独承担筑巢任务时。从更广泛的视角来看，本研究结果可解释部分宏观进化模式——例如近期有研究发现，仅由雌性单独筑巢的类群，更倾向于搭建开放式杯状巢而非封闭穹顶巢。