DataSheet_1_Biofertilizer and biocontrol properties of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia BCM emphasize its potential application for sustainable agriculture.pdf

IntroductionMicrobial biofertilizers or biocontrol agents are potential sustainable approaches to overcome the limitations of conventional agricultural practice. However, the limited catalog of microbial candidates for diversified crops creates hurdles in successfully implementing sustainable agriculture for increasing global/local populations. The present study aimed to explore the wheat rhizosphere microbiota for microbial strains with a biofertilizer and biocontrol potential.
MethodsUsing a microbial culturing-based approach, 12 unique microbial isolates were identified and screened for biofertilizer/biocontrol potential using genomics and physiological experimentations.
Results and discussionMolecular, physiological, and phylogenetic characterization identified Stenotrophomonas maltophilia BCM as a potential microbial candidate for sustainable agriculture. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia BCM was identified as a coccus-shaped gram-negative microbe having optimal growth at 37°C in a partially alkaline environment (pH 8.0) with a proliferation time of ~67 minutes. The stress response physiology of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia BCM indicates its successful survival in dynamic environmental conditions. It significantly increased (P <0.05) the wheat seed germination percentage in the presence of phytopathogens and saline conditions. Genomic characterization decoded the presence of genes involved in plant growth promotion, nutrient assimilation, and antimicrobial activity. Experimental evidence also correlates with genomic insights to explain the potential of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia BCM as a potential biofertilizer and biocontrol agent. With these properties, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia BCM could sustainably promote wheat production to ensure food security for the increasing population, especially in native wheat-consuming areas.

**引言**：微生物肥料（microbial biofertilizer）与生防制剂（biocontrol agent）是克服传统农业实践局限的潜在可持续方案。然而，适配多样化作物的候选微生物资源库规模有限，这为满足全球/本地日益增长的人口需求、推广可持续农业带来了阻碍。本研究旨在从小麦根际微生物群（wheat rhizosphere microbiota）中筛选具备生物肥料与生防潜力的微生物菌株。

**方法**：本研究采用微生物培养法，共获得12株独特的微生物分离物，并通过基因组学（genomics）与生理实验手段，对其生物肥料/生防潜力进行筛选。

**结果与讨论**：通过分子、生理及系统发育表征，我们鉴定出嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌（Stenotrophomonas maltophilia）BCM是一款具备可持续农业应用潜力的候选微生物菌株。该菌株为球状革兰氏阴性菌，最适生长温度为37℃，最适生长环境为pH 8.0的弱碱性条件，代时约为67分钟。嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌BCM的应激响应生理特性表明，其可在动态变化的环境中顺利存活。在植物病原菌与盐胁迫条件下，该菌株可显著提升小麦种子发芽率（P < 0.05）。基因组表征结果显示，该菌株携带有参与植物生长促生、养分同化及抗菌活性的相关基因。实验证据与基因组分析结果相互印证，进一步阐明了嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌BCM作为潜在生物肥料与生防制剂的应用潜力。依托上述特性，嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌BCM可通过可持续方式提升小麦产量，为日益增长的人口保障粮食安全，尤其在本土小麦消费地区意义显著。