中国树木密度分布图（2020）

树木数量是评估森林生态系统状况、指导森林经营管理的关键指标。中国森林面积位居全球第五，且因实施国家造林与再造林计划，其人工林面积居世界首位。因此，准确估算中国树木数量对制定有效森林管理政策、监测与保护野生动物栖息地以及预防自然灾害具有重要意义。然而，当前大尺度树木密度研究相对匮乏，制约了对森林生态系统的精准认知及高分辨率生态效益评估。为填补这一空白，本研究基于765平方公里的无人机激光雷达数据与机器学习算法，通过生成2020年100米分辨率的中国树木密度图，系统估算了全国树木数量。结果显示，截至2020年中国平均树木密度为689 ± 17株/公顷，结合全国森林面积推算，中国树木总量约为1426 ± 3.5亿株，人均拥有约100 ± 3株树木。多尺度分析表明，中国树木密度存在显著空间异质性，受到自然过程与人类活动的共同影响。本研究生成的树木密度图将为森林生态系统研究提供重要数据支撑，并为我国天然林保护与人工林扩张政策制定提供科学依据。

The total number of trees serves as a critical indicator for evaluating the status of forest ecosystems and guiding forest management practices. China ranks fifth globally in total forest area, and boasts the world's largest planted forest area owing to its national afforestation and reforestation initiatives. Accordingly, accurately estimating the tree count in China is of paramount importance for developing effective forest management policies, monitoring and conserving wildlife habitats, and mitigating natural disasters. However, large-scale tree density studies remain relatively scarce at present, which hinders the precise understanding of forest ecosystems and the evaluation of high-resolution ecological benefits. To address this research gap, this study leverages unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data spanning 765 km² and machine learning algorithms to systematically estimate the total tree count across China, by generating a 100-meter resolution tree density map of the country for the year 2020. The findings indicate that as of 2020, the average tree density in China stands at 689 ± 17 trees per hectare. By combining this density data with the national forest area, the total tree count in China is estimated to be approximately 142.6 ± 0.35 billion, with a per capita possession of roughly 100 ± 3 trees. Multi-scale analysis reveals that substantial spatial heterogeneity exists in China's tree density, which is jointly shaped by natural processes and anthropogenic activities. The tree density map generated in this study will provide critical data support for forest ecosystem research, and offer a scientific foundation for formulating policies related to natural forest protection and planted forest expansion in China.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集基于无人机激光雷达数据和机器学习算法，生成了2020年100米分辨率的中国树木密度分布图，估算出全国平均树木密度为689 ± 17株/公顷，树木总量约1426 ± 3.5亿株，揭示了空间异质性受自然与人类活动影响。它填补了大尺度树木密度研究空白，为森林生态系统评估和天然林保护、人工林扩张政策制定提供科学依据。