River health assessment and control countermeasures for the lower Yellow River in Henan

River and lake health assessment is an important technical means to evaluate the health status of rivers and lakes， scientifically analyze River and lake problems， and strengthen the implementation of the river and lake head system. It is an important reference for the river and lake head to organize and lead the management and protection of rivers and lakes. Based on the Guidelines for River and Lake Health Assessment （Trial） and the characteristics and actual basin conditions of the lower Yellow River in Henan， this study determined the river health evaluation index system of the lower Yellow River in Henan. By collecting and reviewing relevant basic data， organizing and carrying out special investigations and monitoring， the health status of the river reach in 2020 was evaluated from the four levels of "basin"， "water"， biology， and social service function. The final score was 83.4 points， the health level was "health"， and the four criteria levels were 73.7 points， 95.0 points， 62.1 points， and 95.5 points， respectively. The evaluation results indicate that the main problems existing in the lower Yellow River in Henan are low aquatic biodiversity， general shoreline conditions， water supply security pressure， etc. Accordingly， measures for river governance and protection are put forward， such as strengthening ecological protection， improving river regulation works， strengthening shoreline management， and improving the facilities for water diversion， etc.