Incidence and Characteristics Angiographic of Patients with Acute Myocardial

Abstract Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is defined as the death of cardiomyocytes due to prolonged ischemia, caused by thrombosis and / or vasospasm on an atherosclerotic plaque. Objective: To determine the incidence of patients with myocardial infarction undergoing primary angioplasty; characterize the anthropometric variables and identify the risk factors in this population. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational, retrospective study in which we collected secondary data from medical records of a hospital in a city in the state of São Paulo, where the largest number of interventions is via Public Health System, patients with a diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction, undergoing primary coronary angioplasty, from January 2011 to December 2013. Results: The total sample consisted of 437 subjects, 282 male and 155 female. In this study, there was predominance of myocardial infarction in the anterior descending artery ADA (45.51%), followed by right coronary artery RCA (38.46%), in carrying out the rescue angioplasty and stent implantation in 96.62% of cases. There was a predominance of high blood pressure as risk factors for 73.71%, followed by smoking with 41.66% of the sample. Conclusion: According to the present study data, it appears a higher prevalence of infarction occurred in the ADA, with individuals performing the rescue angioplasty procedure and the placement of the stent, and a growing incidence of drug stent placement. We observed a high incidence of risk factors, prevailing hypertension. (Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2018; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0).

摘要：
背景：急性心肌梗死（Acute Myocardial Infarction, AMI）被定义为因动脉粥样硬化斑块继发血栓形成和/或血管痉挛，引发持续缺血所导致的心肌细胞坏死。
研究目的：明确接受直接冠状动脉成形术（primary angioplasty）的心肌梗死患者的发病率，描述该人群的人体测量学指标，并识别其危险因素。
研究方法：本研究为横断面观察性回顾性研究，数据取自圣保罗州某城市一所医院的医疗记录二手数据，该医院绝大多数介入手术由公共卫生系统开展。研究纳入2011年1月至2013年12月期间确诊为心肌梗死且接受直接冠状动脉成形术的患者。
研究结果：总样本共437例受试者，其中男性282例，女性155例。本研究中，前降支动脉（Anterior Descending Artery, ADA）相关心肌梗死占比最高（45.51%），其次为右冠状动脉（Right Coronary Artery, RCA）相关梗死（38.46%）；96.62%的病例接受了补救性血管成形术与支架植入术。危险因素中以高血压最为常见，占比73.71%，其次为吸烟，占样本总量的41.66%。
研究结论：基于本研究数据可见，前降支相关梗死患病率更高，此类患者多接受补救性血管成形术与支架植入术，且药物支架（drug stent）置入率呈上升趋势。本研究观察到该人群危险因素占比偏高，其中以高血压为主要危险因素。（Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2018; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0）