Summary statistics of functionally annotated and categorized genome wide association hits.

Significant GWAS hits were functionally annotated using basic local alignment search tool. These annotations were categorized into biological groups, which include: structural components, secondary metabolites, primary metabolites, genes previously implicated in pathogen-defense, membrane transporter, development, cellular energy, cell signaling, and cell cycle. The genes on the inter-pro hit list (www.maizesequence.org) were also categorized into these same categories. The genome count indicates the total number of genes within the genome in the given category, and the GLS (Count) indicates the number of annotated GLS GWAS hits in a given category. A proportion z-test was used to test the abundance of genes in a given category relative to the overall abundance predicted in the maize genome. SE: standard error.Summary statistics of functionally annotated and categorized genome wide association hits.本研究采用基本局部比对搜索工具（Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, BLAST）对显著的全基因组关联分析（Genome-Wide Association Study, GWAS）命中基因开展功能注释。随后将上述注释结果划分为多个生物学类别，涵盖：结构组分、次级代谢产物、初级代谢产物、此前被证实与病原体防御相关的基因、膜转运蛋白、发育调控、细胞能量代谢、细胞信号传导及细胞周期。针对InterPro命中列表（源自www.maizesequence.org数据库）中的基因，同样按照上述类别完成分类。基因组计数指对应类别下基因组内基因的总数量，而GLS（计数）则代表对应类别中被注释的GLS相关GWAS命中基因的数量。采用比例Z检验，分析特定类别基因的丰度与玉米基因组中预测的整体丰度之间的差异显著性。SE即标准误（standard error）。本部分为经功能注释与分类的全基因组关联分析命中基因的汇总统计结果。