Weights and ranking of CSFs of BI Adoption.

Over the past five decades, decision support systems have evolved into business intelligence (BI) systems, which are now a strategic priority for many organizations. However, despite their widespread adoption, many BI projects fail, highlighting the need to identify Critical Success Factors (CSFs). While CSFs are well-studied in developed economies, there is a significant lack of empirical research in developing countries, which face unique challenges. This gap is particularly evident in Yemen, where BI adoption is still in its early stages of adoption. This study addresses this gap by investigating the CSFs for BI adoption in the Yemeni context. To do this, we develop and validate a novel integrated TOEP framework by combining the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework with the process-oriented Yeoh and Koronios model. Furthermore, we employ the rigorous Rough Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (R-SWARA) method, a multi-criteria decision-making approach adept at handling expert judgment uncertainty, to rank the CSFs. The results reveal that competitive pressure, data quality, clear vision, and change management are the most significant drivers in Yemen. However, in contrast to stable economies, information-sharing culture and system integration are currently the greatest challenges to these systems in the Yemeni context. The findings provide actionable insights for managers and policymakers in similar challenging environments, offering a contextualized model for successful BI adoption.

过去五十余载，决策支持系统已演进为商业智能（Business Intelligence，BI）系统，如今已成为众多组织的战略优先级事项。尽管商业智能系统已得到广泛应用，但诸多BI项目仍以失败告终，这凸显出识别关键成功因素（Critical Success Factors，CSFs）的必要性。尽管关键成功因素在发达经济体中已得到充分研究，但在面临独特挑战的发展中国家，相关实证研究却存在显著缺口。这一研究缺口在也门尤为突出——该国的BI应用仍处于早期阶段。本研究针对也门场景下BI应用的关键成功因素展开调研，以此填补上述研究空白。为此，本研究将技术-组织-环境（Technology-Organization-Environment，TOE）框架与面向流程的Yeoh与Koronios模型相结合，构建并验证了一种全新的整合型TOEP框架。此外，本研究采用严谨的粗糙逐步权重评估比率分析法（Rough Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis，R-SWARA）——一种擅长处理专家判断不确定性的多准则决策方法——对关键成功因素进行排序。研究结果显示，竞争压力、数据质量、清晰愿景与变革管理是也门境内BI应用的核心驱动因素。然而，与稳定经济体不同的是，信息共享文化与系统集成目前是也门场景下BI系统面临的最大挑战。本研究结论可为面临类似挑战环境的管理者与政策制定者提供可落地的实践启示，并为BI的成功应用提供了适配特定场景的理论模型。