<p>Interview Guide.</p>

Background Perinatal mental health (PMH) is a critical component of maternal and child health, yet significant gaps persist in its integration into routine maternity care in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Frontline healthcare professionals (HCPs) are central to identifying and addressing PMH concerns; however, their effectiveness is often hampered by multi-level barriers. This qualitative study aimed to identify the professional, organizational, and political-level barriers and facilitators influencing the implementation of PMH care from the perspective of HCPs in the UAE. Methods and findings A descriptive qualitative design was employed. 43 HCPs, including lactation consultants, midwives, maternity nurses, obstetricians, family physicians, paediatricians, and psychiatrists/psychologists, were recruited using purposeful sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. Thematic analysis was employed, and barriers and facilitators were categorized to identify key themes. The study identified 31 barriers and 33 facilitators across three ecological levels. Major barriers included PMH awareness and training gaps, low self-efficacy, role-based avoidance, fragmented services, staffing shortages, unclear protocols, and limited insurance coverage. Key facilitators encompassed professional development initiatives, core provider qualities like empathy and advocacy, interprofessional collaboration, integrated care models, supportive organizational policies, and government-led training programs. A critical finding was the role of the multicultural healthcare workforce as a significant facilitator for providing culturally competent care. Conclusion The study identified multi-level barriers and facilitators that shape PMH care delivery in the UAE. Addressing these factors requires a systemic approach, including standardized PMH training, integrated care pathways, clear protocols, and policy reforms for insurance coverage. Leveraging the strengths of the multicultural workforce is essential for developing effective, culturally sensitive PMH services. These findings can guide the development of strategies to support HCPs and improve mental health outcomes for mothers and families.背景 围产期心理健康（Perinatal Mental Health, PMH）是母婴健康的关键组成部分，但在阿拉伯联合酋长国（United Arab Emirates, UAE），其融入常规产科护理的进程仍存在显著缺口。一线医护人员（Healthcare Professionals, HCPs）是识别与处置围产期心理健康问题的核心力量，但其工作效能常受多层级障碍掣肘。本质性研究旨在从阿联酋医护人员的视角，梳理影响围产期心理健康护理实施的专业、组织及政治层面的障碍与促进因素。 方法与研究结果 本研究采用描述性质性研究设计。通过目的抽样法招募了43名医护人员，涵盖泌乳顾问、助产士、产科护士、产科医师、家庭医师、儿科医师以及精神科医师/心理师。数据收集采用半结构化访谈与焦点小组讨论相结合的方式，运用主题分析法对数据进行编码，将障碍与促进因素按生态层级归类以提炼核心主题。 研究共识别出3类生态层级下的31项障碍与33项促进因素。主要障碍包括围产期心理健康认知与培训缺口、自我效能感低下、基于角色的回避行为、服务碎片化、人员编制不足、诊疗规范不明确以及保险覆盖范围有限。核心促进因素则涵盖专业发展计划、共情与倡导等核心执业特质、跨专业协作、整合式护理模式、支持性组织政策以及政府主导的培训项目。一项关键发现为：多元文化的医护团队是提供文化适配性护理的重要促进因素。 结论 本研究明确了影响阿联酋围产期心理健康护理服务提供的多层级障碍与促进因素。要解决这些问题需采用系统性方法，包括标准化围产期心理健康培训、整合式护理路径、明确诊疗规范以及保险覆盖相关的政策改革。充分利用多元文化医护团队的优势，对于开发高效且具备文化敏感性的围产期心理健康服务至关重要。本研究结果可为制定支持医护人员、改善孕产妇及家庭心理健康结局的策略提供指导。