Gut Bacteria Raw Sequence Reads. Bacteria

We performed an in-depth analysis of the fecal microbiome of the 377 LI patients randomized to one of two GOS doses (Low, 10-15 grams/day or High, 15-20 grams/day), or placebo in a multi-center, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Sequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons was done on GOS or placebo groups at weeks zero (baseline), four (end of treatment), nine, 16 and 22. Taxa impacted by treatment and subsequent dairy consumption included lactose-fermenting species of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, and Streptococcus. Secondary fermentation microorganisms included Coprococcus and, Ruminococcus species, Blautia producta, and Methanobrevibacterium. Finally, tertiary fermenters that use acetate to generate butyrate, included Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia faecis, and C. eutactus. Results confirmed and expanded data on GOS microbiome modulation in LI individuals. Microbiome analysis at 16 and 22 weeks after treatment further suggested relatively long-term benefits when individuals continued consumption of dairy products.

本研究在一项多中心双盲安慰剂对照试验中，对377名乳糖不耐受（Lactose Intolerance, LI）患者的粪便微生物组开展了深度分析。所有受试者被随机分配至两种低聚半乳糖（Galactooligosaccharides, GOS）剂量组（低剂量组：每日10~15克；高剂量组：每日15~20克）或安慰剂组。研究分别于第0周（基线）、第4周（治疗结束时）、第9周、第16周及第22周，对低聚半乳糖组与安慰剂组的样本进行16S rRNA扩增子测序。受干预措施及后续乳制品摄入影响的微生物分类群包括双歧杆菌属（Bifidobacterium）、乳杆菌属（Lactobacillus）、乳球菌属（Lactococcus）及链球菌属（Streptococcus）的乳糖发酵菌种。次级发酵微生物包括粪球菌属（Coprococcus）、瘤胃球菌属（Ruminococcus）物种、产布劳特氏菌（Blautia producta）以及产甲烷短杆菌属（Methanobrevibacterium）。最后，利用乙酸生成丁酸的三级发酵菌包括普拉梭菌（Faecalibacterium prausnitzii）、粪便罗斯氏菌（Roseburia faecis）以及C. eutactus。本研究结果证实并拓展了低聚半乳糖对乳糖不耐受个体微生物组调控作用的相关研究数据。治疗后第16周及第22周的微生物组分析进一步表明，若受试者持续摄入乳制品，可获得相对长期的健康获益。