ANOVA and Welsch t-test.

In marine ecosystems, microbial communities often interact using specialised metabolites, which play a central role in shaping the dynamics of the ecological networks and maintaining the balance of the ecosystem. With metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses, this study explores the interactions between two marine microalgae, Skeletonema marinoi and Prymnesium parvum, grown in mono-cultures and non-contact co-cultures. As a growth indicator, the photosynthetic potential, measured via fluorescence, suggested chemical interaction between S. marinoi and P. parvum. Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) data, we identified 346 and 521 differentially produced features in the endo- and exometabolome of S. marinoi and P. parvum, respectively. Despite limited tandem mass spectrometry data (MS2) for these features, we structurally annotated 14 compounds, most of which were previously under-studied specialised metabolites. Differential gene expression analysis was then performed on the transcriptomes of the microalgae, which uncovered differentially expressed genes involved in energy metabolism and cellular repair for both species. These metabolic changes depict the adaptation of both species in the co-culture. However, further data acquisition and investigation will be necessary to confirm the type of interaction and the underlying mechanisms.在海洋生态系统中，微生物群落通常借助特殊代谢物（specialised metabolites）实现相互作用，这类物质在塑造生态网络动态、维持生态系统平衡方面发挥核心作用。本研究采用代谢组学（metabolomics）与转录组学（transcriptomics）分析技术，探究了两种海洋微藻——海洋骨条藻（Skeletonema marinoi）与小定鞭金藻（Prymnesium parvum）——在单培养（mono-cultures）及非接触共培养（non-contact co-cultures）体系下的相互作用。以荧光检测获得的光合潜能作为生长指标，结果显示两种微藻之间存在化学相互作用。借助液相色谱-质谱联用法（Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry，LC-MS）数据，研究人员分别在海洋骨条藻和小定鞭金藻的胞内代谢组与胞外代谢组中鉴定出346个和521个差异代谢特征。尽管这些特征的串联质谱（MS2）数据有限，我们仍对14种化合物完成了结构注释，其中多数为此前研究较少的特殊代谢物。随后对两种微藻的转录组开展差异基因表达分析，发现二者均存在参与能量代谢与细胞修复的差异表达基因。这些代谢变化展现了两种微藻在共培养体系中的适应过程。然而，仍需进一步获取数据并开展研究，以明确二者相互作用的类型与潜在机制。