Campaign Expenditures in the United States, 1991-1992: Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Data

<p>These data are made available by the Federal Election Commission (FEC) through the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) and are taken directly from campaign finance reports filed by candidates, political committees, and others required to file under the federal election laws for the 1991-1992 election cycle. The Candidate Master Data file (Part 1) contains a record for each registered candidate for federal office. It includes the candidate's name, address, party affiliation, incumbent/challenger status, identification number of the principal campaign committee, office sought, and election year. The Committee Master Data file (Part 2) contains a record for each registered committee for federal office. Information provided includes the committee's identification number, name, address, treasurer's name, committee designation and type, party affiliation, report filing frequency, special interest group category and connected organization's name, and multicandidate committee status. The Itemized PAC Contribution File (Part 3) contains one record for each type of contributor for each reporting period. Information included in this file covers the type and year of the report, the time period covered by the report, total contributions, net contributions, total contribution refunds, net operating expenditures, cash on hand, debts and obligations owed by and to the committee, contributions from individuals, and loans made or guaranteed by the candidate. The Itemized Individual Candidate Contribution File (Part 4) contains one record for each individual contributor during the 1991-1992 reporting period. Information provided covers the transaction type, amount, and date as well as contributor name, address, and occupation. (Source: downloaded from ICPSR 7/13/10)</p>
<p><strong>Please Note</strong>: This dataset is part of the historical CISER Data Archive Collection and is also available at ICPSR at <a href="https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR06337.v1">https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR06337.v1</a>. We highly recommend using the ICPSR version as they may make this dataset available in multiple data formats in the future.</p>

本数据集由美国联邦选举委员会（Federal Election Commission, FEC）依据《信息自由法案》（Freedom of Information Act, FOIA）公开，所有数据直接取自1991-1992年选举周期内，依照联邦选举法要求提交竞选财务报告的候选人、政治委员会及其他合规主体的原始申报文件。候选人主数据文件（第1部分）收录每位联邦公职注册候选人的专属记录，包含候选人姓名、通信地址、党派从属关系、现任/挑战者身份、主要竞选委员会识别编号、参选公职类型及选举年份等核心信息。委员会主数据文件（第2部分）收录每位联邦公职注册委员会的专属记录，所披露信息包括委员会识别编号、机构名称、通信地址、财务主管姓名、委员会属性与类型、党派从属关系、报告提交频率、特殊利益团体类别及关联组织名称，以及多候选人委员会身份标识。分项政治行动委员会（Political Action Committee, PAC）捐款文件（第3部分）为每个报告周期内的每一类捐款主体生成一条记录，文件涵盖的信息包括报告类型与发布年份、报告覆盖时段、捐款总额、净捐款额、捐款退款总额、净运营支出、委员会期末现金余额、委员会内外的债权债务关系、个人捐款金额，以及候选人提供或担保的贷款明细。分项个人候选人捐款文件（第4部分）为1991-1992年报告周期内的每位个人捐款人生成一条记录，所披露信息包括交易类型、交易金额与交易日期，以及捐款人姓名、通信地址及职业信息。