Observa Political Index Polls, 1973

#Observa opinion polls: #---------------------- # #From 1967 and onwards Observa has carried out a number of opinion polls, i.e. surveys of attitudes and habits of life, partly through so-called political index polls (postal panel surveys) and partly through more extensive attitudinal surveys based on interviews. The political index polls have been carried out regularly in the period (approx. 10 times a year), whereas the attitudinal surveys have been carried out quarterly in the period 1969 to 1972. The current data collection of similar data material over a long period of time makes it possible to carry out various kinds of time series analyses, especially as regards party preference. #Other subjects are usually treated more superficially owing to the conditions under which the surveys are carried out (they are designed for publication in daily papers so the main emphasis has been put on topical issues, and only subjects which may be dealt with by means of a limited number of questions are included). #Until 1971 the political index polls were carried out for the daily paper Aktuelt; from 1972 for the daily paper Morgenavisen Jyllands-Posten. The attitudinal surveys have been carried out exclusively for Jyllands-Posten. # #Observa Political Index Polls, 1973: #------------------------------------ #In 1973 Observa carried out 13 political index polls. All the questions from these surveys are found in DDA-0919: Observa Political Index Polls, 1973. In addition, the individual political index polls, which contain questions on topical issues, are found in DDA-0920 to DDA-0932. # #The individual political index polls deal with the following topical issues: # #Observa Political Index Polls 1973: January (DDA-0920): #Assessment of Anker Jørgensen as prime minister; a comparison between Anker Jørgensen and Jens Otto Krag; a comparison between Anker Jørgensen and Hilmar Baunsgaard; the contribution of the USA, the USSR and China to world peace; for or against Danish membership of the EC at a hypothetical referendum today; assessment of the following TV serials and series: 'Et købmandshus i Skærgården' (A Merchant's House in the Archipelago), 'Den moderne malerkunsts gennembrud' (On Art), and 'Henrik VIII's koner' (The 6 Wives of Henry VIII); TV in household; foreign TV programmes; and sentences for various offences (e.g. theft, smuggling, cruelty to children). # #Observa Political Index Polls 1973: March (DDA-0921): #Assessment of the Government's performance; assessment of the performance of the opposition; for or against Danish membership of the EC at a hypothetical referendum today; for or against the Government's proposal concerning economic industrial democracy at a hypothetical referendum today; attitude to various population groups (e.g. alcoholics, blacks, Americans, Germans, academics, officers); tax arrears in 1972; budgeting regarding various household expenses (e.g. food, clothes, car expenses); and regular household expenditure in 1973 as compared with 1972. # #Observa Political Index Polls 1973: April (DDA-0922): #TV in household (aerial connection, age); possibility of receiving foreign TV programmes and an assessment of foreign TV programmes; and Danish subtitles to Swedish and Norwegian TV programmes. # #Observa Political Index Polls 1973: May (DDA-0923): #Reasons for the respondent's party preference; housing conditions; forms of address (the deferential 'De' versus the familiar 'du'); the information on domestic and foreign policy on the radio and on TV; a TV Channel 2; commercials on a TV Channel 2; and assessment of various TV programmes (e.g. regional TV programmes, Danish movies, programmes on cooking). # #Observa Political Index Polls 1973: June (DDA-0924): #Foreign TV programmes; community aerial; and a TV channel with local TV programmes. # #Observa Political Index Polls 1973: August A (DDA-0925): #Time for the next general election; the co-operation between the Social Democratic Party and the Socialist People's Party; co-operation between the Social Democratic Party and other parties; attitude to the same person being party chairman and political leader of the Social Democratic Party; Radio News at 6.30 p.m; 'Orientering' (a programme following the Radio News); radio Channel 3 music programmes; and smoking. # #Observa Political Index Polls 1973: August B (DDA-0926): #Attitude to the same person being party chairman and political leader of the Social Democratic Party; the placing of the Social Democratic Party on a right-left scale; for or against Danish membership of the EC at a hypothetical referendum today; and cigarette smoking. # #Observa Political Index Polls 1973: October (DDA-0927): #Index-regulation of wages (fixed increase or percentage increase); abolition of the cost-of-living adjustment; housing conditions; the steppig down of the tax on houses and of interest deductions; and the raising of additional loans in one's house and the use of these loans. # #Observa Political Index Polls 1973: November A (DDA-0928): #The war in the Middle East, sympathy for Israel or for the Arab states; energy saving measures; petrol rationing and a ban on private driving on Saturdays and Sundays; heating of the dwelling; motor vehicle in household; the contribution of the USA, the USSR and China to world peace; general speed restrictions; and driving licence. # #Observa Political Index Polls 1973: November B (DDA-0929): #Time for the next general election; government preference; assessment of the Government's performance; assessment of the performance of the opposition; assessment of the performance of the Parliament; the most important issues for the future parliament and government; prime minister preference; the credibility gap between the leaders of the old parties and their voters; parliament composition as regards the number of EC supporters and EC opponents; and the rule requiring a party to win 2% of the votes cast in order to be represented in parliament. # #Observa Political Index Polls 1973: December (DDA-0932): #Participation in the general election on 4 December, 1973; prime minister preference; energy saving measures; the influence of the energy crisis (on transport, speed restrictions); driving licence; expectations of 1974 (personal financial situation, the country's economic situation, the world situation); winter holidays; Christmas present expenditure; and Christmas Eve

# Observa民意调查：
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# 自1967年起，Observa机构已开展多项民意调查，即针对民众态度与生活习惯的调研，调研形式部分采用所谓的政治指数调查（political index polls）（邮寄面板调查（postal panel surveys）），部分则依托访谈开展更全面的态度调研。政治指数调查在对应时段内定期开展（年均约10次），而态度调研则在1969年至1972年间按季度进行。当前这批长期跨度的同类数据资源，使得针对政党偏好等主题开展各类时间序列分析（time series analyses）成为可能。
# 由于调研的落地条件限制（此类调研旨在为日报刊载服务，核心聚焦时事议题，且仅纳入可通过少量问题即可覆盖的主题），其余调研主题通常仅做浅层处理。
# 1971年以前，政治指数调查的服务对象为日报《Aktuelt》；1972年起，服务对象变更为日报《Morgenavisen Jyllands-Posten》。态度调研则仅为《Jyllands-Posten》独家开展。
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# # 1973年Observa政治指数调查：
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# 1973年，Observa共开展13次政治指数调查。所有来自此类调研的问题均收录于DDA-0919：《1973年Observa政治指数调查》中。此外，各次单独的政治指数调查（含时事议题相关问题）分别收录于DDA-0920至DDA-0932中。
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# 各次单独的政治指数调查涉及以下时事议题：
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# 1973年1月Observa政治指数调查（DDA-0920）：
# 对首相安克尔·约根森（Anker Jørgensen）的评价；安克尔·约根森与延斯·奥托·克拉格（Jens Otto Krag）的对比；安克尔·约根森与希尔马尔·邦斯加德（Hilmar Baunsgaard）的对比；美国、苏联与中国对世界和平的贡献；假设今日举行公投时，对丹麦加入欧洲共同体（EC）的支持与否；对以下电视连续剧及节目的评价：《Et købmandshus i Skærgården》（《群岛中的商行》）、《Den moderne malerkunsts gennembrud》（《论现代美术的突破》）与《Henrik VIII's koner》（《亨利八世的六位王后》）；家庭电视普及情况；境外电视节目；各类违法行为（如盗窃、走私、虐待儿童）的量刑标准。
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# 1973年3月Observa政治指数调查（DDA-0921）：
# 对本届政府履职表现的评价；对反对党履职表现的评价；假设今日举行公投时，对丹麦加入欧洲共同体的支持与否；假设今日举行公投时，对政府提出的经济产业民主提案的支持与否；对不同群体的态度（如酗酒者、黑人、美国人、德国人、学者、军官）；1972年的欠税情况；各类家庭开支（如食品、衣物、用车开支）的预算规划；1973年与1972年的常规家庭支出对比。
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# 1973年4月Observa政治指数调查（DDA-0922）：
# 家庭电视普及情况（天线连接方式、使用年龄）；接收境外电视节目的可能性及对境外电视节目的评价；瑞典与挪威电视节目的丹麦语字幕情况。
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# 1973年5月Observa政治指数调查（DDA-0923）：
# 受访者政党偏好的成因；住房条件；称呼用语（敬称"De"与俗称"du"）；广播与电视中的国内外政策信息；第二电视频道；第二电视频道的商业广告；各类电视节目的评价（如地方电视节目、丹麦电影、烹饪类节目）。
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# 1973年6月Observa政治指数调查（DDA-0924）：
# 境外电视节目；社区共用天线；开设本地电视节目的电视频道。
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# 1973年8月上旬Observa政治指数调查（DDA-0925）：
# 下一次大选的时机；社会民主党与社会主义人民党的合作情况；社会民主党与其他政党的合作情况；对同一人同时担任社会民主党主席与政治领袖的态度；18:30播出的《广播新闻》；《Orientering》（《新闻追踪》，广播新闻后续节目）；第三广播频道的音乐节目；吸烟相关态度。
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# 1973年8月下旬Observa政治指数调查（DDA-0926）：
# 对同一人同时担任社会民主党主席与政治领袖的态度；社会民主党在左右翼政治光谱中的定位；假设今日举行公投时，对丹麦加入欧洲共同体的支持与否；吸烟（特指香烟）相关态度。
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# 1973年10月Observa政治指数调查（DDA-0927）：
# 工资指数调控（固定增幅或百分比增幅）；取消生活成本调整机制；住房条件；房屋税与利息抵扣的逐步取消；房屋追加贷款及其使用情况。
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# 1973年11月上旬Observa政治指数调查（DDA-0928）：
# 中东战争，对以色列或阿拉伯国家的同情倾向；节能措施；汽油配给与周末私家车出行禁令；住宅供暖；家庭机动车保有情况；美国、苏联与中国对世界和平的贡献；通用限速规定；驾驶执照相关态度。
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# 1973年11月下旬Observa政治指数调查（DDA-0929）：
# 下一次大选的时机；政府偏好；对本届政府履职表现的评价；对反对党履职表现的评价；对议会履职表现的评价；未来议会与政府需优先处理的核心议题；首相偏好；老牌政党领袖与选民之间的信任鸿沟；议会中支持与反对欧洲共同体的席位占比；政党需获得2%的投票率方可获得议会席位的参选规则。
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# 1973年12月Observa政治指数调查（DDA-0932）：
# 参与1973年12月4日的大选；首相偏好；节能措施；能源危机的影响（涉及交通、限速规定）；驾驶执照；对1974年的预期（个人财务状况、国家经济形势、世界局势）；冬季假期；圣诞礼品开支；平安夜相关安排。