Data from: Lythrum salicaria common garden under Neogalerucella herbivory

AbstractWe transplanted1088 seedlings of the invasive perennial plant Lythrum salicaria (purple loosestrife), from 136 maternal families sourced from 17 populations in the region around Ottawa, Canada, into a common garden containing 4 plots. The 17 populations differed in their prior exposure to the biocontrol agent Neogalerucella spp. leaf beetles (naïve = no prior exposure; recent = secondary colonization, ~5-15 years; release = sites of biocontrol release, ~20 years ago). Plants were planted in a wetland containing other Lythrum plants and experienced ambient (but significant) herbivory by Neogalerucella spp. leaf beetles. We measured herbivory, plant size and biomass over a period of 3.5 years; see the publication for more details. This experiment used the same seed material as a previously published greenhouse study by Stastny & Sargent 2017 (see below). Additional datasets, such as the proportion and phenology of flowering individuals, leaf size, stem and meristem numbers, etc., are available upon request.  , MethodsAt the time of transplanting (year 1), we measured plant height, corresponding to the variation in growth under greenhouse conditions. Afterwards, in years 2 and 3, we measured the sum length of all stems (mm); this metric corresponds to the early-season plant size prior to Neogalerucella herbivory, and gives an indication of the variation in regrowth and phenology early in the season. In year 4, when we terminated the common garden, we measured this metric directly as dry above-ground biomass (g). In the dataset, these three metrics are listed under parameters that include \"size\" in column header. In years 1-3, we visually estimated herbivory (as a reflection of the variation in resistance) for each plant, as percent defoliation (parameters that include “damage” in column header), i.e. the percentage of the leaf area removed by Neogalerucella feeding. This metric represents the main bout of herbivory in the growing season. Finally, at the end of each growing season in years 1-3 we measured above-ground biomass (parameters that include “biomass” in column header); this metric integrates the outcome of seasonal herbivory as well as any variation in tolerance to damage., Usage notesEach row represents a unique single plant. NAs were recorded when a plant was missing during the measurement or, in some cases, when a confounding factor (e.g. sporadic deer herbivory) prevented an accurate estimate of defoliation by Neogalerucella. In many cases, these \"missing\" plants reappeared at another time point, i.e. they were alive but either not actively investing into above-ground biomass, or their regrowth showed a more delayed phenology. In the latter case, depending on the perspective/question, some of these plants could be recorded as 0 (zero) rather than NA - this version of the dataset is available upon request, or can be inferred by checking whether the plant was recorded (i.e. alive) at later time points. Other notes/column designations: pop = population; fam = family within a given population; popfam = concatenation of pop and fam; id = unique identification code for each plant; history = history of exposure of Neogalerucella spp.; plot = plot within common garden, also a blocking factor in the complete randomized block design (each family is replicated twice within a plot); x, y = row and position within row for each plot, corresponding to the spatial coordinates (in meters)

摘要：我们从加拿大渥太华周边地区17个种群的136个母本家系中采集了1088株入侵多年生植物千屈菜（Lythrum salicaria，俗称紫千屈菜purple loosestrife）幼苗，将其移栽至包含4个小区的同质园实验圃中。这17个种群此前对纽毛萤叶甲属（Neogalerucella spp.）叶甲这一生物防治天敌的暴露历史存在差异：'naïve'组为无既往暴露的种群；'recent'组为二次定殖种群，暴露时长约5-15年；'release'组为生物防治释放位点种群，暴露时长约20年。实验植株被种植于一处伴生有其他千屈菜植株的湿地生境中，会受到纽毛萤叶甲属叶甲的自然背景下（但程度显著）的植食性取食。我们在3.5年的周期内对植食程度、植株大小与生物量进行了测定；详细信息请参见已发表论文。本实验使用的种子材料与Stastny与Sargent于2017年发表的一项温室实验一致（详见下文）。其他数据集，如开花个体比例与物候、叶面积、茎数与分生组织数等，可按需获取。

方法：在移栽当年（第1年），我们测定了植株高度，该指标可反映温室条件下的生长差异。此后，在第2年和第3年，我们测定了所有茎秆的总长度（单位：毫米）；该指标对应纽毛萤叶甲取食前的季初植株大小，可反映季初植株的再生能力与物候差异。在第4年终止同质园实验时，我们直接测定了地上部分干生物量（单位：克）。本数据集中，植株高度、茎总长度与地上干生物量这三项指标的列标题均包含"size"（大小）。在第1-3年，我们通过目视估算每株植物的植食程度（作为抗虫性变异的表征），以落叶百分率表示（列标题包含"damage"（损伤）的参数），即纽毛萤叶甲取食造成的叶面积移除百分比。该指标代表生长季内主要的植食事件。最后，在第1-3年的每个生长季末期，我们测定了地上部分生物量（列标题包含"biomass"（生物量）的参数）；该指标整合了整季植食的影响以及植株对损伤的耐受能力变异。

使用说明：每一行代表一株唯一的个体植物。当植株在测定时缺失，或在某些情况下受混杂因素（如零星的鹿类植食）影响无法准确估算纽毛萤叶甲造成的落叶率时，记录为缺失值（NAs）。在许多情况下，这些“缺失”的植株会在后续的时间点重新被记录到，即它们仍然存活，但要么未主动进行地上生物量积累，要么再生物候更为延迟。在后一种情况下，根据研究视角或问题的不同，部分此类植株可被记为0（零）而非NAs——该版本的数据集可按需获取，或可通过核对植株在后续时间点是否被记录（即存活）来推断得到。

其他说明/列命名规则：pop代表种群（population）；fam代表给定种群内的家系（family）；popfam为pop与fam的拼接字符串；id为每株植物的唯一识别码；history代表纽毛萤叶甲属的暴露历史；plot代表同质园内的小区，同时也是完全随机区组设计中的区组因子（每个家系在每个小区内重复两次）；x、y分别代表每个小区内的行号与行内位置，对应空间坐标（单位：米）