台灣景觀林蟲癭多樣性研究(3/3)

台灣因海拔、氣候及地理位置特殊，孕育多樣化的天然景觀林，近年更有平地造林、森林公園、都市林等人工景歡林。過去針對台灣蟲癭多樣性的研究中，主要集中在以樟科及殼斗科植物為優熱的天然景觀林，目前國內除了樟科楨楠屬的造癭昆蟲研究之外，較少針對其他景觀林區進行造癭物種調查。本計畫擬透過造癭知識的累積，針對不同類型景觀林類型及其主要造癭的寄主植物進行蟲癭樣本收集，以健全生物多樣性為前提，進行動物調查工作，本年度共記錄10科24種產癭寄主植物，與6科10種採集到寄生蜂之寄主植物，總計本計畫三年執行期間共獲得24科52種產癭寄生植物。依據之前所建立之分子生物資料庫，選取含外群共取30個雙翅目造癭昆蟲個體為OUTs(涵蓋10科的寄主植物)重建並嘗試釐清依據科級寄主植物分類群間之雙翅目造癭昆蟲的親緣關係。

Due to its unique elevation, climate and geographical location, Taiwan harbors diverse natural landscape forests. In recent years, artificial landscape forests such as flat-land afforestation, forest parks and urban forests have also been developed. Previous studies on gall diversity in Taiwan have mainly focused on natural landscape forests dominated by Lauraceae and Fagaceae plants. At present, apart from research on gall-forming insects in the Phoebe genus (Lauraceae), relatively few surveys of gall-forming species have been conducted in other landscape forest areas across Taiwan. This project intends to accumulate knowledge on galls, collect gall samples from different types of landscape forests and their dominant gall-inducing host plants, and carry out faunal surveys with the goal of improving biodiversity inventories. In the current study year, 24 species of gall-inducing host plants belonging to 10 families were recorded, along with 10 species of host plants from which parasitoid wasps were collected, belonging to 6 families. In total, 52 species of gall-inducing host plants across 24 families were obtained over the three-year implementation period of this project. Based on the previously established molecular database, 30 individual gall-forming Diptera insects (including outgroups) were selected as Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs, covering host plants from 10 families) to reconstruct and attempt to clarify the phylogenetic relationships among gall-forming Diptera insects based on their host plant family taxa.