Climate Policy Modelling Protocol

This protocol includes current energy and climate policies for major economies, and details the instruments, targets and sectors for each policy. It provides a detailed list of climate policies as well as their quantification (following the Integrated Assessment Modelling Community (IAMC) conventions where possible). The final goal is to translate climate policies into energy and climate model input, and facilitate policy impact projections on greenhouse gas emissions. Climate policy on the national level, is defined as the result of climate policy formulation and climate policy implementation that encompasses aspirational goals not secured by legislation, national targets that are secured by legislation, and policy instruments designed to implement these targets. Only implemented policies are included in this protocol, and are defined as policies adopted by the government through legislation or executive orders, and non-binding targets backed by effective policy instruments. To compose the protocol, first a selection of climate policies with potentially high impact in terms of emission reductions is performed by the policy teams of PBL and NewClimate (Climate Policy Database), and translated into model input indicators. Then, with the help of (inter)national experts and partners, an evaluation round of the selected policies is performed, before finalizing the complete policy list. Policy instruments are represented in the integrated assessment models as explicit as possible, but simplification is sometimes necessary; replicating the impact on greenhouse gas emissions and the energy system transformation is considered as the most important factor. It should be noted that the policy environment is constantly changing, thus policy changes with a possibly high impact may occur between protocol updates that are not included in certain versions. Under ELEVATE, the protocol received major updates in terms of standardization of policy and target variable names and units - according to IAMC conventions, to facilitate use from all Integrated Assessment Models in the community.本数据集收录了主要经济体现行能源与气候政策，详述各项政策所涉及的政策工具、既定目标及覆盖领域。本数据集提供了气候政策的详细清单，并尽可能遵循综合评估建模共同体（Integrated Assessment Modelling Community，IAMC）的规范对政策进行量化。本数据集的最终目标是将气候政策转化为能源与气候模型的输入参数，助力开展温室气体排放的政策影响预测研究。 国家级气候政策被定义为气候政策制定与实施的成果，涵盖未通过立法固化的愿景式目标、经立法确立的国家级目标，以及为落实上述目标而设计的政策工具。本数据集仅收录已落地的政策，此类政策指政府通过立法或行政命令推行的政策，以及依托有效政策工具支撑的非约束性目标。 本数据集的编制流程如下：首先由PBL与NewClimate（气候政策数据库）的政策团队筛选出在温室气体减排方面潜在影响显著的气候政策，并将其转化为模型输入指标；随后，在国内外专家与合作方的协助下，对筛选出的政策开展一轮审核评估，最终敲定完整的政策清单。在综合评估模型中，政策工具的表征应尽可能清晰明确，但有时需进行合理简化；还原政策对温室气体排放及能源系统转型的影响，被视为核心考量准则。 需注意的是，政策环境始终处于动态变化之中，因此在数据集两次更新的间隔期内，可能出现影响重大的政策变动，此类变动未被纳入部分版本的数据集。在ELEVATE项目框架下，本数据集针对政策与目标变量的名称及单位开展了标准化重大修订——本次修订遵循IAMC规范，以便领域内所有综合评估模型均可便捷调用。