Table_1_The efficacy of topical aminophylline in local fat reduction: A systematic review.docx

Background and aimsSome studies have reported that the topical forms with aminophylline as the active ingredient appear to be relatively effective on local fat burning while having no/minimal side effects. This systematic review accumulates all of the data on the local fat-burning potency of aminophylline topical formulation.
MethodsDocuments were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases until Aug 2022. Data were extracted from clinical trials reporting the reduction in thigh or waist circumference as a result of using topical forms containing aminophylline. Screening of included studies was performed independently by two authors and the quality assessment of included studies was performed based on the Cochrane Collaboration’s approach.
ResultsOf the 802 initial studies, 5 studies were included in the systematic review. Several concentrations of aminophylline were used in different studies. Most studies administred the topical formulation on participants’ one thigh, and the other thigh was considered to be the control for comparing the fat reduction amount. Except for one study, all other studies reported that all participants lost more fat on the treated area than the control groups. The amount of fat reduction differed in studies regarding their different aminophylline concentrations and administration routines. In the case of side effects, except for some studies reporting skin rashes, other studies reported no significant side effects at all.
ConclusionsAminophylline topical formulation offers a safe, effective, and much less invasive alternative to cosmetic surgery for localized fat reduction. It seems that the 0.5% concentration, administered five times a week for five weeks is the most potent concentration. However, more high-quality clinical trials are needed to verify this conclusion.
Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022353578.

背景与目的
已有研究表明，以氨茶碱（aminophylline）为活性成分的外用制剂在局部减脂方面效果相对理想，且无不良反应或仅存在轻微不良反应。本系统综述旨在汇总所有关于氨茶碱外用制剂局部减脂功效的相关数据。
研究方法
本研究检索了截至2022年8月PubMed、Web of Science及Scopus数据库中的相关文献。从报道使用含氨茶碱外用制剂后大腿或腰围减小的临床试验中提取数据。由两名研究者独立对纳入文献进行筛选，并基于考科蓝协作网（Cochrane Collaboration）的方法对纳入研究进行质量评价。
研究结果
初始检索得到802项研究，最终有5项研究被纳入本系统综述。不同研究中使用了不同浓度的氨茶碱。多数研究将外用制剂涂抹于受试者的一侧大腿，以对侧大腿作为对照，比较两侧的减脂量。除1项研究外，其余所有研究均显示，受试者的治疗区域减脂量多于对照组区域。不同研究的减脂量存在差异，这与氨茶碱浓度及给药方案不同有关。关于不良反应，部分研究报道出现皮疹，其余研究均未观察到明显不良反应。
研究结论
氨茶碱外用制剂为局部减脂提供了一种安全、有效且侵袭性远低于整形手术的替代方案。研究显示，每周给药5次、持续5周的0.5%浓度氨茶碱外用制剂效果最佳。但仍需开展更多高质量临床试验以验证该结论。
系统综述注册信息
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/，标识符：CRD42022353578。