Zooplankton data compilation, Arctic Ocean - Part 2 - western hemisphere, 1951 - 2007

This dataset is a compilation of numerous individual datasets presenting abundance and/or biomass data for zooplankton communities in the Arctic Ocean and including the Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea and the Canadian Archipelagos from 1951-2010. This data comes from various investigators and institutions either provided by the investigator or having been rescued from the printed literature. Every effort has been made to standardize the data in terms of currently accepted taxonomy, life stage and abundance and biomass units. HOWEVER, IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO FULLY COMPENSATE FOR DIFFERENCES IN SAMPLING METHODS (MESH SIZE, TOW SPEED, SAMPLING DEPTH, BIOMASS CONVERSIONS), TAXONOMIC RESOLUTION AND TAXONOMIC SKILL. THIS DATA CANNOT BE USED AS IS WITHOUT UNDERSTANDING THE ASSOCIATED BIASES, WHICH CAN VARY WIDELY FROM SPECIES TO SPECIES, WITH PRONOUNCED IMPACTS ON BIODIVERSITY AND REALATIVE COMMUNITY COMPOSITION. Database Headers. Data_Base_Reference_ID- A numerical reference to the row number of the database. Bibliographic_Citation- The citation, author and or scientific paper from which individual data are referenced. Please refer to these individual citations for a complete description of sampling and taxonomic protocols unique to the individual dataset. Date_Last_Modified. The date of the last modification of the individual datasets. MM/DD/YYYY. Catalog_Number. The catalog number corresponding to each entry in an individual dataset. Date_Collected. The date when the sampling event occurred. MM/DD/YYYY. Month_Collected. The month of the year in which the sampling event occurred. 1-12; January-December. Day_Collected. The day of the month on which the sampling event occurred. 1-31. Year_Collected. The year in which the sampling event occurred. YYYY. Time_Collected. The time of day that the sampling event occurred: 0:00-23:59. Start_Time_of_Day. The time of day that the sampling event was initiated: 0:00-23:59. End_Time_of_Day. The time of day that the sampling event was completed: 0:00-23:59. Not valid for all datasets. Time Zone: The time zone employed for documenting the sampling event. Not valid for all datasets. Platform. The vessel or sampling location from which the sampling event occurred. Not available for all datasets. CruiseID. The code or name given to the specific cruise track. StationID. The original code or name given to the station location. DecimalLatitude. The latitude of the sampling location in decimal degrees. DecimalLongitude. The longitude of the sampling location in decimal degrees. ContinentOcean. The Ocean and/or continent associated with the sampling location. Waterbody. The regional waterbody of the sampling location within the specified Ocean Locality. The specific locality of the sampling location within the specified waterbody Basis_of_Record. The type of specimen used to acquire the datapoing. In the vast majority of cases the datapoint was obtained from preserved samples. Collecting_Gear. Specifics regarding the sampling gear type and dimensions for each individual dataset. Mesh_Size. The pore size of the mesh that was used to collect each sample. Pore size has been standardized to micrometers (um). Minimum_Depth_In_Meters. The minimum depth from which the collecting gear was deployed. All data has been standardized to meters (m). Maximum_Depth_in_Meters. The maximum depth to which the sampling gear was deployed. All data has been standardized to meters (m). Sonic_Depth_in_Meters. The depth of the water column at the sampling location as measured by vessel acoustics of soundings. All data has been standardized to meters (m). Scientific_Name. The scientific name of the identified organism. Identified organisms are listed to the lowest taxonomic resolution available from the original description. For instance, if the generic name is listed and the species names are not described, this could represent one or more species. All names have been updated to reflect taxonomic description based on the World Register of Marine Species www.marinespecies.org as of September 2014. Original_Name. The description of the identified organism as described by the original dataset or paper. Taxonomic names were changed to reflect standardized taxonomic hierarchy. World Register of Marine Species. www.marinespecies.org. ie. Unidentified copepods would be standardized to Copepoda. Notes. Any notes associated with the original description of the identified organism corresponding to taxonomy or condition of the animal. Accepted_ Scientific_Name. The accepted scientific name of the identified organism generated by the World Register of Marine Species. www.marinespecies.org as of September 2014. Accepted_ APHIA_No. The current and accepted APHIA identification number that corresponds to the updated taxonomy of the identified organism generated by the World Register of Marine Species. www.marinespecies.org Accepted_TSN. The current and accepted Taxa Specific Number that corresponds to the updated taxonomy of the identified organism generated by th eWorld Register of Marine Species. www.marinespecies.org. Life_Stage. The lifestage of the identified organism. All lifestages are written in full text with the exception of CI-CV referring to copepodite stages 1. Sex. The sex of the identified organism where determined. Size. When described, the size of the identified organism. Size is not standardized to any cosistent unit Abundance/m2. The abundance of the identified organisms per square meter of the entire water column (#/m2). Not valid for all individual datasets. Unit of Measurement. The measurement units of the previous column. Sample size. When applicable, the volume of water sampled during the sampling event in cubic meters (m3). Abundance/m3. The abundance of the identified organism in terms of #/m3. When abundance was described in unit of #/m2, these values were divided by the sample depth to obtain #/m3. Zero abundances are not recorded. Biomass. When applicable, the biomass of the identified organism. Units have not been consistently standardized. In most cases unit are mg/m3. Please refer to the unit of measurement column for description of units. Collector. The persons or institution responsible for collection the sample. Identified_By. The person responsible for identification of the given organism.

本数据集为1951年至2010年间，北冰洋（含波弗特海、楚科奇海及加拿大群岛）浮游动物群落丰度及/或生物量数据的多数据集汇编。数据来源涵盖多位研究者与机构，部分由研究者直接提供，部分从印刷文献中抢救性整理而来。

研究团队已尽最大努力，依据当前通用的分类学标准、生活史阶段以及丰度和生物量计量单位对数据进行标准化处理。然而，由于采样方法（网孔尺寸、拖网速度、采样深度、生物量换算方式）、分类学分辨率及分类鉴定水平存在差异，无法完全消除数据间的系统性偏差。本数据集不可直接使用，需充分理解其伴随的偏差——此类偏差因物种不同差异显著，会对生物多样性及相对群落组成产生显著影响。

### 数据库表头字段说明
1. Database_Reference_ID：数据库参考编号，对应数据库各行的数字索引。
2. Bibliographic_Citation：文献引用项，即单个数据来源的引用信息、作者及/或学术论文。如需了解单个数据集独有的采样与分类学规程，请务必查阅对应文献引用。
3. Date_Last_Modified：单个数据集的最后修改日期，格式为月/日/年（MM/DD/YYYY）。
4. Catalog_Number：对应单个数据集各条目的馆藏编号。
5. Date_Collected：采样事件发生日期，格式为月/日/年（MM/DD/YYYY）。
6. Month_Collected：采样事件发生的月份，取值范围1-12，分别对应1月至12月。
7. Day_Collected：采样事件发生的日期，取值范围1-31。
8. Year_Collected：采样事件发生的年份，格式为YYYY。
9. Time_Collected：采样事件发生的当日时刻，取值范围0:00-23:59。
10. Start_Time_of_Day：采样事件启动的当日时刻，取值范围0:00-23:59。
11. End_Time_of_Day：采样事件完成的当日时刻，取值范围0:00-23:59，并非所有数据集均包含该字段。
12. Time Zone：记录采样事件时采用的时区，并非所有数据集均包含该字段。
13. Platform：采样事件开展的船只或采样点位，并非所有数据集均包含该信息。
14. CruiseID：特定巡航航线的编码或名称。
15. StationID：对应采样站位的原始编码或名称。
16. DecimalLatitude：采样点位的纬度，以十进制度数表示。
17. DecimalLongitude：采样点位的经度，以十进制度数表示。
18. ContinentOcean：与采样点位相关的大洋及/或大陆。
19. Waterbody：指定大洋区域内采样点位所属的区域水体。
20. Basis_of_Record：获取数据点所依据的标本类型。绝大多数数据点均来自保存标本。
21. Collecting_Gear：单个数据集所使用采样设备的类型及规格详情。
22. Mesh_Size：采集样本所用网具的网孔尺寸，已统一换算为微米（μm）。
23. Minimum_Depth_In_Meters：采样设备下放的最小深度，所有数据均已统一换算为米（m）。
24. Maximum_Depth_in_Meters：采样设备下放的最大深度，所有数据均已统一换算为米（m）。
25. Sonic_Depth_in_Meters：通过船舶声学测深法测得的采样点位所在水柱深度，所有数据均已统一换算为米（m）。
26. Scientific_Name：已鉴定生物的学名。鉴定结果将保留至原始文献中可获取的最低分类学分辨率。例如，若仅记录属名而未提及物种名，则可能代表一个或多个物种。所有名称均已依据2014年9月版《世界海洋物种登记册（World Register of Marine Species，www.marinespecies.org）》进行更新以符合分类学规范。
27. Original_Name：原始数据集或论文中对所鉴定生物的原始描述。分类学名称已调整为标准化分类层级，参见《世界海洋物种登记册（World Register of Marine Species，www.marinespecies.org）》。例如，未鉴定的桡足类将被标准化为Copepoda（桡足亚纲）。
28. Notes：与所鉴定生物的分类学描述或个体状态相关的原始备注信息。
29. Accepted_Scientific_Name：依据《世界海洋物种登记册（World Register of Marine Species，www.marinespecies.org，2014年9月版）》生成的所鉴定生物的公认学名。
30. Accepted_APHIA_No：依据《世界海洋物种登记册（World Register of Marine Species，www.marinespecies.org）》生成的、对应已更新分类学信息的当前公认APHIA识别编号。
31. Accepted_TSN：依据《世界海洋物种登记册（World Register of Marine Species，www.marinespecies.org）》生成的、对应已更新分类学信息的当前公认分类单元特定编号（Taxa Specific Number）。
32. Life_Stage：所鉴定生物的生活史阶段。所有生活史阶段均以全称表述，CI-CV特指桡足幼体阶段1至5。
33. Sex：已确定性别的所鉴定生物的性别。
34. Size：若有记录，则为所鉴定生物的个体大小。大小未统一采用固定计量单位。
35. Abundance/m2：整个水柱内每平方米的目标生物丰度（单位：个体数/平方米），并非所有单个数据集均包含该字段。
36. Unit of Measurement：上述字段的计量单位。
37. Sample size：若适用，为采样事件中采集的水体体积，单位为立方米（m³）。
38. Abundance/m3：每立方米水体中的目标生物丰度（单位：个体数/立方米）。若原始数据以个体数/平方米为单位，则通过除以采样深度换算得到该值。零丰度未被记录。
39. Biomass：若适用，为所鉴定生物的生物量。计量单位未统一标准化，多数情况下单位为mg/m³。具体单位请参见计量单位列。
40. Collector：负责采集样本的人员或机构。
41. Identified_By：负责对目标生物进行分类鉴定的人员。