The potential of electrocochleography in explaining the variability in cochlear implant outcomes: a scoping review

This review aimed to catalogue the literature exploring electrocochleography (ECochG) as a potential tool to improve pre-implantation counselling for cochlear implant (CI) recipients. Specifically, it examined the correlation between ECochG responses and speech perception to assess whether these measurements could explain some of the variability in CI outcomes. Scoping review. Sixteen studies were included in this review, 14 of which investigated the correlation between ECochG total response (ECochG-TR) and speech perception outcomes. Additionally, four studies focused on specific components of ECochG-TR in relation to speech perception outcomes. Despite several limitations, most studies found that ECochG-TR significantly contributed to the variability in speech perception outcomes, explaining between 16–59% of the variance. The few studies correlating specific ECochG responses, such as cochlear microphonics, summating potential, auditory nerve neurophonics, and compound action potential, with CI outcomes, reported inconsistent results. This review demonstrated that ECochG-TR can explain a significant portion of the variance in CI outcomes. However, due to the numerous limitations, further research is needed on the correlation between specific ECochG responses and CI outcomes. While ECochG measurements hold value in a research context, they have limited utility in clinical practice for pre-implantation counselling.

本综述旨在梳理相关文献，探讨耳蜗电图（electrocochleography, ECochG）作为潜在工具，用于优化人工耳蜗植入（Cochlear Implant, CI）受者的术前咨询工作。具体而言，本研究检验了耳蜗电图反应与言语感知能力之间的相关性，以评估此类检测能否解释人工耳蜗植入术后效果的部分变异性。本研究为范围综述。本次综述共纳入16项研究，其中14项针对耳蜗电图总反应（ECochG total response, ECochG-TR）与言语感知术后效果的相关性展开探讨；另有4项研究聚焦于耳蜗电图总反应的特定组分与言语感知术后效果的关联。尽管现有研究存在诸多局限性，但多数结果表明，耳蜗电图总反应可显著影响言语感知术后效果的变异性，可解释16%至59%的方差变异。少数针对耳蜗电图特定反应组分——如耳蜗微音电位（cochlear microphonics, CM）、总和电位（summating potential, SP）、听神经神经电位及复合动作电位（compound action potential, CAP）——与人工耳蜗植入术后效果相关性的研究，结果并不一致。本次综述结果显示，耳蜗电图总反应可解释人工耳蜗植入术后效果的相当一部分方差变异。然而，由于现有研究存在诸多局限性，未来仍需针对耳蜗电图特定反应组分与人工耳蜗植入术后效果的相关性开展更多研究。尽管耳蜗电图检测在科研场景中具有一定价值，但在临床实践中，其用于人工耳蜗植入术前咨询的实用性较为有限。