Hoedjiespunt Middle Stone Age Dataset, Western Cape, South Africa

This Middle Stone Age archaeological dataset from Hoedjiespunt 1 was collected in 2011 by a team from the Department of Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology of the University of Tübingen (Germany) headed by Nicholas J. Conard. South African and European researchers collaborated on this project, with John E. Parkington, Katherine Kyriacou, Deano Stynder, Graham Avery, and Chantal Tribolo making substantial contributions. The site is located within the property of Transnet National Ports Authority in the municipality of Saldanha, Western Cape, South Africa.

The locality of Hoedjiespunt 1 was well known as a paleontological site since at least the 1990s, when the site yielded several important Middle Pleistocene hominin remains dated between 200,000 and 350,000 years. The paleontological site also yielded a well preserved assemblage of fauna, including terrestrial and marine mammals, shellfish and ostrich eggshell. The excavators interpreted the accumulation of these finds as the remains of a hyena den. Cultural remains such as lithic artifacts were absent from the paleontological site, which is situated immediately below the archaeological site.

The 2011 field work at the archaeological site of Hoedjiespunt 1 took place with the help of students from the universities of Tübingen and Cape Town. The datasets are predominantly in English (with some parts in German) and include field data in the MAIN table. Further analytical data for several classes of artifacts include: LITHICS, FAUNA, OCHRE, and BUCKETS.

All of the archaeological materials collected in 2011 are curated by the Department of Archaeology of the University of Cape Town in Rondebosch, South Africa. Funding for this research came mainly from the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities and the University of Tübingen. Significant support was provided by the Department of Archaeology of the University of Cape Town and the Iziko South African Museums.

Importnat references for the paleontological excavations are listed here, while the main publications associated with the 2011 excavations are presented below in the reference section: 

Berger, L.R. & Parkington, J.E. (1995). A new Pleistocene hominid-bearing locality at Hoedjiespunt, South Africa. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 98: 601-609. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330980415

Churchill, S.E., Berger, L.E. & Parkington, J.E. (2000). A Middle Pleistocene human tibia from Hoedjiespunt, Western Cape, South Africa. South African Journal of Science 96: 367-368. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA00382353_8943  

Stynder, D.D., Moggi-Cecchi, J. Berger, R.L. & Parkington, J.E. (2001). Human mandibular incisors from the late Middle Pleistocene locality of Hoedjiespunt 1, South Africa. Journal of Human Evolution 41: 369-383. https://doi.org/10.1006/jhev.2001.0488

本中石器时代考古数据集采自Hoedjiespunt 1遗址，由德国蒂宾根大学（University of Tübingen）早期史前史与第四纪生态系团队于2011年采集，项目负责人为Nicholas J. Conard。南非与欧洲研究者共同参与本项目，其中John E. Parkington、Katherine Kyriacou、Deano Stynder、Graham Avery及Chantal Tribolo做出了重要贡献。该遗址位于南非西开普省萨尔达尼亚（Saldanha）市境内的Transnet国家港务局（Transnet National Ports Authority）所辖土地内。

Hoedjiespunt 1遗址作为古生物遗址的知名度至少可追溯至20世纪90年代，当时该遗址出土了多具距今20万至35万年的重要中更新世古人类（hominin）遗骸。该古生物遗址还出土了保存完好的动物群组合，涵盖陆生与海洋哺乳动物、贝类及鸵鸟蛋壳。发掘者认为这些出土遗物的堆积为鬣狗巢穴遗存。该古生物遗址紧邻考古遗址下方，未发现石制品（lithic artifacts）等文化遗存。

2011年在Hoedjiespunt 1考古遗址开展的野外工作，得到了蒂宾根大学与开普敦大学（University of Cape Town）学生的协助。本数据集主体语言为英文（部分内容含德文），其中MAIN表存储野外调查数据。其余针对多类考古遗物的分析数据集包括：LITHICS、FAUNA、OCHRE与BUCKETS。

2011年采集的全部考古遗存均由南非朗德博斯克（Rondebosch）开普敦大学考古系托管。本研究的主要资助方为海德堡科学院与人文学院（Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities）及蒂宾根大学。开普敦大学考古系与伊齐科南非博物馆（Iziko South African Museums）为本项目提供了重要支持。

古生物发掘的重要参考文献列于此处，而与2011年发掘相关的主要研究成果则见于下文的参考文献部分：
Berger, L.R. & Parkington, J.E. (1995). 南非Hoedjiespunt地区一处新的更新世古人类遗址. 《美国体质人类学杂志》（American Journal of Physical Anthropology）98: 601-609. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330980415
Churchill, S.E., Berger, L.E. & Parkington, J.E. (2000). 南非西开普省Hoedjiespunt遗址出土的中更新世人类胫骨. 《南非科学杂志》（South African Journal of Science）96: 367-368. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA00382353_8943
Stynder, D.D., Moggi-Cecchi, J., Berger, R.L. & Parkington, J.E. (2001). 南非Hoedjiespunt 1遗址晚中更新世地层出土的人类下颌门齿. 《人类进化杂志》（Journal of Human Evolution）41: 369-383. https://doi.org/10.1006/jhev.2001.0488