Description analysis of the study variables.

The study aimed to investigate whether self-talk could enhance participants’ motor performance and attention, even in the presence of distracting interferences and while experiencing ego depletion. To achieve this, 43 novices were randomly assigned into a self-talk group and a control group. Only the self-talk group received the self-talk intervention, and all participants performed a dart throwing task after experiencing ego depletion. In addition, noise interference was added during the dart throwing process. The results indicated that, as predicted, participants in the self-talk group showed enhanced attention functions and more stable motor performance compared to the control group participants, which supports the attentional effect of self-talk. The findings also have practical implications for coaches and athletes. Future research should further use brain science methods to reveal the attentional mechanism by which self-talk improves motor performance when cognitive resources are extremely low and the moderating role of motor experience in this.

本研究旨在探讨自我对话（self-talk）是否能够提升参与者的运动表现与注意力水平，即便在存在干扰性分心刺激且个体处于自我耗竭状态时亦是如此。为达成该研究目标，43名新手被试被随机分配至自我对话组与对照组。仅自我对话组接受自我对话干预，所有被试在经历自我耗竭后均完成飞镖投掷任务，且任务过程中加入了噪音干扰。研究结果正如预期所示，相较于对照组被试，自我对话组参与者的注意力功能得到显著提升，运动表现也更为稳定，这一发现验证了自我对话的注意力调控效应。本研究结果同时为教练员与运动员提供了实际应用参考。未来研究可进一步借助脑科学方法，揭示在认知资源极度匮乏的情境下，自我对话改善运动表现的注意力机制，以及运动经验在该过程中的调节作用。