Prevalence of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in Persian and Persian-related cats in Brazil

Abstract Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic disease in cats. However, scarce data on its prevalence are available in Brazil. Persian cats and Persian-related breeds were assessed by molecular genotyping for a C to A transversion in exon 29 of PKD1 gene to determine ADPKD prevalence in a Brazilian population. Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral whole blood or oral swabs samples was used to amplify exon 29 of PKD1 gene employing a PCR-RFLP methodology. From a total of 616 animals, 27/537 Persian and 1/17 Himalayan cats showed the single-nucleotide variant (C to A) at position 3284 in exon 29 of feline PKD1. This pathogenic variation has been identified only in heterozygous state. The prevalence of ADPKD in Persian cats and Persian-related breeds was 5.03% and 1.6%, respectively. There was no significant association between feline breed, gender or age with ADPKD prevalence. Of note, the observed ADPKD prevalence in Persian cats and Persian-related breeds in Brazil was lower than the ones reported in other parts of the world. This finding may be related to genetic counseling and consequent selection of ADPKD-free cats for reproduction.

摘要 常染色体显性遗传性多囊肾病（Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, ADPKD）是猫类最常见的遗传性疾病。然而，巴西地区关于该病患病率的相关研究数据仍较为匮乏。本研究针对巴西猫群的ADPKD患病率展开调研，通过对波斯猫及波斯相关品种的PKD1基因（PKD1 gene）第29外显子区域的C→A颠换变异进行分子基因分型检测，以明确该病的患病率。

研究采用从外周全血或口腔拭子样本中提取的基因组DNA，通过聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）方法扩增PKD1基因第29外显子区域。本次研究共纳入616只受试个体，其中537只波斯猫中有27只、17只喜玛拉雅猫中有1只，在猫PKD1基因第29外显子的3284位点检出C→A单核苷酸变异（single-nucleotide variant）。该致病性变异仅以杂合子形式被检出。

波斯猫及波斯相关品种的ADPKD患病率分别为5.03%与1.6%。未发现猫品种、性别或年龄与ADPKD患病率存在显著关联。值得注意的是，巴西地区波斯猫及波斯相关品种的ADPKD患病率低于全球其他地区的已有报道数据。该结果可能与遗传咨询及后续选育无ADPKD的猫只用于繁殖有关。