Sentence Norming Data

We selected sentences that had previously been rated as emotionally 'neutral' (14 from Russ et al. (2008); 10 from Ben-David et al. (2011); and 2 from Mustafa et al. (2010) as well as 94 declarative sentences from the SPIN test Elliott (1995)), to a total of 120, for an online emotional valence norming study. The inclusion of the SPIN sentences permits a greater range of perceived valence. Participants: 48 native English speakers (mean age 19.7, sd = 2.1 years; recruited through the UC Davis subject pool) participated in the experiment online, via Qualtrics. Participants rated the emotion in all 120 sentences, which were randomly presented on the screen one at a time with no sound. On a given trial, they saw a sentence (e.g., "The sand was heaped in a pile.") and used a sliding scale to indicate how negative, positive, or neutral it was; the beginning, middle, and end of the spectrum were labeled with "0 = negative", "50 = neutral", and "100 = positive", respectively. The slider position reset to 50 at the beginning of each trial.我们选取了此前被标注为情绪“中性”的句子（其中14句来自Russ等人2008年的研究，10句来自Ben-David等人2011年的研究，2句来自Mustafa等人2010年的研究），以及来自SPIN测试（Elliott，1995）的94个陈述句，总计120句，用于一项在线情绪效价标定研究。纳入SPIN测试的句子可扩大感知效价的取值范围。 共有48名以英语为母语的被试参与了本次线上实验（平均年龄19.7岁，标准差为2.1岁；通过加州大学戴维斯分校被试库招募），实验依托Qualtrics平台开展。被试需对全部120句句子的情绪进行评分，所有句子将以随机顺序逐一无音频地呈现在屏幕上。 在单次试次中，被试将看到一句句子（例如："沙子被堆成了一堆。"），并通过滑动量表标注该句子的情绪偏向为消极、中性或积极；量表的起点、中点与终点分别标记为“0 = 消极”、“50 = 中性”与“100 = 积极”。每一轮试次开始前，滑块都会重置至50的位置。