DDT 48 — FLOOD RISK PREVENTION PLAN HIGH TARN

The COVADIS data standard for risk prevention plans includes all the technical and organisational specifications for the digital storage of geographical data represented in the risk prevention plans (RPPs). The major risks consist of the eight main natural hazards foreseeable in the national territory: floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, terrain movements, coastal hazards, avalanches, forest fires, cyclones and storms, and four technological risks: nuclear risk, industrial risk, risk of transport of hazardous materials and risk of dam failure. The Risk Prevention Plans (PPR) were established by the Act of 2 February 1995 on strengthening the protection of the environment. The PPR tool is part of the Law of 22 July 1987 on the organisation of civil security, the protection of the forest against fire and the prevention of major risks. The development of a RPP is the responsibility of the State. It is decided by the Prefect. Whether natural, technological or multi-hazard, risk prevention plans have similarities. They contain three categories of information: • Regulatory mapping translates into a geographical delimitation of the territory concerned by the risk. This delimitation defines areas in which specific regulations apply. These regulations are easement and impose requirements varying according to the hazard level to which the area is exposed. The areas are represented on a zoning plan that fully covers the study area. • The hazards at the origin of the risk are contained in hazard documents which may be inserted in the presentation report or annexed to the RPP. These documents are used to map the different intensity levels of each hazard considered in the risk prevention plan. • The issues identified during the preparation of the RPP can also be annexed to the approved document in the form of maps. These similarities between the different types of PPR and the desire to achieve a good level of standardisation of PPR data have led COVADIS to opt for a single data standard, sufficiently generic to process the different types of risk prevention plan (natural risk prevention plans PPRN, technological risk prevention plans PPRT) This data standard does not consist of a complete modelling of a risk prevention plan dossier. The scope of this document is limited to geographical data in the RPPs, whether regulatory or not. Nor is the PPR standard intended to standardise knowledge of hazards. The challenge is to have a description for a homogeneous storage of the geographical data of the RPPs, since these data are of interest to several professions within the ministries responsible for agriculture, on the one hand, and ecology, and on the other hand, sustainable development.

用于风险预防计划（Risk Prevention Plans，下文简称RPPs）的COVADIS数据标准，涵盖了风险预防计划中所涉及地理数据的数字化存储所需的全部技术与组织规范。该标准覆盖的主要风险包含本国境内可预见的8类主要自然灾害与4类技术风险：自然灾害包括洪涝、地震、火山喷发、地形变动、海岸灾害、雪崩、森林火灾、气旋与风暴；技术风险则涵盖核风险、工业风险、危险货物运输风险以及堤坝溃决风险。

风险预防计划（Risk Prevention Plans，简称PPR）由1995年2月2日发布的《加强环境保护法案》确立。PPR工具则纳入1987年7月22日发布的《公共安全组织、森林防火与重大风险预防法案》的规制范畴。风险预防计划的编制工作由国家主导，最终审批权限归属省长。

无论针对自然风险、技术风险还是多灾种的风险预防计划，均具备共通特征，其信息主要包含三大类别：
• 合规区划制图：对受风险影响的辖区进行地理界分，明确适用特定法规的区域范围。此类法规属于地役性规范，会根据区域面临的灾害等级设定差异化的约束要求，相关区域将在覆盖全部研究区域的分区规划图中予以标注。
• 风险源灾害信息：相关灾害说明文档可嵌入RPP编制报告，或作为附件附于RPP正文，用于标注本风险预防计划中所考量的各类灾害的不同强度等级。
• 编制问题说明：RPP编制过程中识别出的各类问题，也可通过地图形式作为附件附于获批后的正式文件。

鉴于不同类型PPR之间存在上述共通特征，且为实现PPR数据的高水平标准化，COVADIS最终选用统一的数据标准——该标准具备足够的通用性，可适配各类风险预防计划的存储需求，包括自然风险预防计划（Natural Risk Prevention Plans，简称PPRN）与技术风险预防计划（Technological Risk Prevention Plans，简称PPRT）。

本数据标准并非对风险预防计划档案的完整建模，其适用范围仅涵盖RPPs中的地理数据，无论该数据是否带有合规属性。同时，PPR标准也并非用于统一灾害相关的专业认知。该标准的核心目标是为RPPs的地理数据提供统一的存储描述规范，以满足农业、生态与可持续发展相关部委内多个专业领域对这类数据的使用需求。