Supplementary Material for: A Large-Scale RNAi Screen Identifies <i>Deaf1 </i>as a Regulator of Innate Immune Responses in <i>Drosophila</i>

Innate immune signalling pathways are evolutionarily conserved between invertebrates and vertebrates. The analysis of NF-ĸB signalling in <i>Drosophila</i> has contributed important insights into how organisms respond to infection. Nevertheless, significant gaps remain in our understanding of how the activation of intracellular signalling elicits specific transcriptional programs. Here we report a genome-wide RNA interference survey for transcription factors that are required for Toll-dependent immune responses. In addition to the NF-ĸB homologs Dif, Dorsal and factors of the general transcription machinery, we identified Deformed Epidermal Autoregulatory Factor 1 (Deaf1) to be required for the expression of the Toll target gene <i>Drosomycin</i> in cultured cells and in <i>Drosophila </i>in vivo. We show that Deaf1 is required for the survival of flies after fungal, but not <i>E. coli</i>, infection. We determine that Deaf1 acts downstream of the NF-ĸB factors Dorsal and Dif. These results indicate that Deaf1 is an important contributor to innate immune responses in vivo.

固有免疫信号通路（innate immune signalling pathways）在无脊椎动物与脊椎动物间进化保守。对果蝇（Drosophila）核因子κB（NF-ĸB）信号通路的分析，为解析生物体应对感染的机制提供了重要见解。然而，学界对胞内信号激活如何触发特异性转录程序的认知仍存在显著空白。本研究针对Toll依赖型免疫应答所需的转录因子开展了全基因组RNA干扰（RNA interference）筛选。除核因子κB同源物Dif、背蛋白（Dorsal）及通用转录机器相关因子外，我们还鉴定出畸形表皮自调节因子1（Deformed Epidermal Autoregulatory Factor 1, Deaf1）在培养细胞与活体果蝇中，对Toll靶基因Drosomycin的表达不可或缺。实验证实，Deaf1是真菌而非大肠杆菌（E. coli）感染后果蝇存活所必需的因子。我们进一步确定，Deaf1作用于核因子κB家族因子背蛋白与Dif的下游。上述结果表明，Deaf1是活体固有免疫应答的重要调控参与者。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是《果蝇大规模RNA干扰筛选鉴定Deaf1为先天免疫反应调节因子》研究的补充材料，发布于2009年。研究通过基因组范围的RNA干扰筛选，发现Deaf1在果蝇Toll依赖的免疫反应中起关键作用，特别影响真菌感染后的生存，补充了NF-ĸB信号通路的知识。数据集包含相关实验数据和信息，用于支持原始论文的发现。