Social Position Indexes in Metropolitan France and DROM Schools (2016-2021)

The Social Position Index (SPI) makes it possible to understand the social status of students from the professions and social categories of their parents. For each CSP, the numerical value of the SPI corresponds to a quantitative summary of a set of socio-economic and cultural attributes related to academic achievement. Concretely, to determine the values associated with each PCS, we considered the weighted average of characteristics such as diplomas, cultural practices, material conditions, cultural capital and parental involvement in schooling. This statistical methodology is described in Rocher’s paper (2016) and is based on a data analysis method (multiple correspondence analysis) based on the DEPP panel of students entered sixth in 2007. The IPS reference values are available for each PCS and for each crossing of PCS (mother-father), see Rocher (2016) (table of passage available as attachment below). Thus, once the parents’ CSPs have been collected, it is sufficient to apply the IPS reference values. The social level of a school is assessed by calculating the average of the IPS of the pupils attending school there. It should be borne in mind that, like any synthetic index, it is a simplified summary of reality, which alone cannot account for the complexity of the socio-economic and cultural situation of pupils in an institution. Finally, since the SPI is based on the CSPs reported by the families and registered by the institutions, it is subject to a certain margin of error: thus, it is advisable not to overinterpret differences of 3 points or less in relation to the average IPS of schools. Field: The file provides the average IPS of schools in metropolitan France and DROMs, public and private under contract, calculated from the data of the school year N. The calculation of the IPS of schools is done from the students of CM2, whose PCS is known when they are in 6th grade. It corresponds more accurately to the IPS average of school alumni over the past five years. In addition, IPS is provided only for schools that have had at least 25 CM2 students in the last five years. As a result, kindergartens are excluded from the field since they do not have students of CM2. In the file made available, each line corresponds to a school for a given school year. Amendments: a first file on the schools’ IPS was filed on 05/10/2022. He presented IPS from schools that had more than 5 CM2 students over the past five years. Reference: Rock, T. (2016). Construction of a student social position index. _Education & Training_, DEPP, 90, pp. 5-27. Dauphant F., Evain F., Guillerm M., Simon C., Rocher T. (2023), The Social Position Index (SPI): a statistical tool to describe social inequalities between institutions. _Information note from Depp n°23.16._ Learn more about the social position index: [ https://www.education.gouv.fr/l-indice-de-position-sociale-ips-357755](s)社会地位指数（Social Position Index，SPI）可依据学生父母的职业与社会类别（Professions and Social Categories，CSP），实现对学生社会阶层的研判。针对每一类CSP，SPI的数值是与学业成就相关的一系列社会经济与文化属性的量化汇总。 具体而言，为确定各类CSP对应的SPI数值，本数据集综合考量了学历、文化实践、物质条件、文化资本以及家长参与学校教育等特征的加权平均值。该统计方法详见罗谢（Rocher）2016年的研究论文，其基于2007年升入六年级的学生DEPP追踪队列数据，采用多重对应分析（multiple correspondence analysis）这一数据分析方法。针对各类CSP以及CSP的交叉组合（如父母双方的CSP），均可获取SPI参考值，详见罗谢（2016）的研究（转换表可参见下文附件）。 因此，在收集到家长的CSP信息后，仅需应用SPI参考值即可完成计算。学校的社会层级可通过计算该校就读学生的SPI平均值进行评估。 需要注意的是，与所有合成指数一样，SPI是对现实情况的简化汇总，仅凭该指数无法完整阐释某一教育机构中学生的社会经济与文化处境的复杂性。 此外，由于SPI基于家庭申报并由教育机构登记的CSP信息，因此存在一定误差区间：据此建议，针对学校平均SPI的差值在3分及以内的情况，不宜过度解读。 ### 数据集覆盖范围 本文件提供法国本土以及DROMs内所有公立、签约资助私立学校的平均SPI，数据取自学年N的统计结果。 学校SPI的计算基于CM2阶段的学生，这些学生在升入六年级时其父母的CSP信息已被记录。更准确地说，该SPI对应该校过去五年毕业生的平均SPI。此外，仅当学校在过去五年中至少有25名CM2阶段学生时，才会提供其SPI数据。因此，无CM2阶段学生的幼儿园未被纳入本次数据集覆盖范围。 本次公开的文件中，每一行对应某一学年的一所学校。 ### 修订说明 首个关于学校SPI的数据集于2022年10月5日发布，其统计范围为过去五年内CM2阶段学生数超过5人的学校。 ### 参考文献 1. Rocher T. (2016). 学生社会地位指数的构建. 《教育与培训》，DEPP，第90期，第5-27页。 2. Dauphant F., Evain F., Guillerm M., Simon C., Rocher T. (2023). 社会地位指数（SPI）：描述教育机构间社会不平等的统计工具. DEPP信息简报第23.16号。 了解更多社会地位指数相关信息：[https://www.education.gouv.fr/l-indice-de-position-sociale-ips-357755](s)