润滑油加氢精制

废润滑油是典型的高浓乳化液，主要来源于工业装置生产、大型机械加工、燃油汽车、轮船和飞机等。蒸馏-加氢工艺通过蒸馏，去除水分以及轻质油组分，并除去部分胶质和沥青质等非理想组分，分馏出润滑油馏分；后续采用合适的催化剂进行加氢精制，可以得到与天然油匹配的再生基础油，该工艺得到的精制润滑油质量较高，是较为理想的废润滑油再生技术，也是当前公认的环保工艺。针对蒸馏-加氢工艺仍存在原料乳化严重造成工艺运行不稳定、加氢工艺成本高的瓶颈问题，开发高效加氢催化剂与润滑油基础油回收工艺在经济和环境方面具有重要意义。废润滑油加氢精制技术为石油化工等行业高浓废油污染物的控制及高值资源化利用提供科学依据和技术支持，不仅减少了污染及资源浪费，保护了生态环境；而且实现了废物高值回收和转化，成果的推广应用，将会极大减少污染物的排放，具有重要的生态环境效益。同时产生巨大的经济效益，为能源和经济的可持续发展奠定基础。根据废润滑油中烃分子分子量及尺寸大的特点，定向设计具有3D开放孔径的载体材料及其负载型加氢精制催化剂，在高压加氢反应装置内发生脱硫、脱氮及芳烃饱和反应。实现了油份回收率大于95%，脱硫率大于97%的目标高质HVIH润滑油基础油生产。Waste lubricating oil is a typical high-concentration emulsion, mainly derived from industrial plant production, large-scale machinery processing, fuel-powered automobiles, ships, airplanes and other scenarios. The distillation-hydrogenation process removes moisture, light oil components and part of non-ideal components such as colloids and asphaltenes through distillation, and fractionates lubricating oil fractions. Subsequently, suitable catalysts are used for hydrorefining to obtain regenerated base oils matching natural oils. The refined lubricating oil produced by this process has high quality, making it an ideal waste lubricating oil regeneration technology and a currently recognized environmentally friendly process. Aiming at the bottleneck problems of the distillation-hydrogenation process, namely severe raw material emulsion leading to unstable process operation and high hydrogenation process costs, developing efficient hydrogenation catalysts and lubricating oil base oil recovery processes is of great significance in both economic and environmental aspects. Waste lubricating oil hydrorefining technology provides scientific basis and technical support for the control of high-concentration waste oil pollutants and high-value resource utilization in industries such as petrochemicals. It not only reduces pollution and resource waste and protects the ecological environment, but also realizes high-value recovery and transformation of waste. The popularization and application of its achievements will greatly reduce pollutant emissions, bringing important eco-environmental benefits. Meanwhile, it generates huge economic benefits and lays a foundation for the sustainable development of energy and economy. Based on the characteristics of large molecular weight and size of hydrocarbon molecules in waste lubricating oil, support materials with 3D open pore structures and their supported hydrorefining catalysts are directionally designed. Desulfurization, denitrification and aromatic saturation reactions occur in high-pressure hydrogenation reaction devices, realizing the production of high-quality HVIH lubricating oil base oils with oil recovery rate exceeding 95% and desulfurization rate exceeding 97%.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于废润滑油的蒸馏-加氢精制再生技术，旨在通过高效催化剂和工艺优化解决原料乳化及成本问题，实现高油份回收率和脱硫率。它为石油化工行业废油资源化利用提供科学依据，兼具生态环境和经济效益。