KAVI – Visualisation of rock quality in underground construction – final report

The project tested the visualisation of rock quality in underground construction. During the Kallio Building project, a number of different measurements will be created and they will be presented as measurement reports, 2D base images, 2D longitudinal cuts or 2D cross-sections. However, the rock mass is three-dimensional and the spaces in it are spatially complex. Measurements are often distant from each other and point-like or flat, so their spatial significance and continuity are challenging to perceive. Based on the observations, a geological model describing the rock mass will be created, based on which a rock-mechanical model to be used in the design of underground structures will be made. The importance of utilising site surveys is particularly emphasised in large projects such as the West Metro, the Helsinki-Tallinn tunnel and the Pisara railway. Location data not only allows for project locations, but also significantly binds the total cost of projects and influences the completion schedule of projects. In the project, mit-tas from the rock space were tested using photogrammetry and the 3D visualisation of the measurement results using Virtu-real reality. Rock quality measurement is carried out in a completely new way using photogrammetry together with computer-assisted design. The result is a roofing and particularly precise surface model of the entire tunnel. The high precision surface can be machined to determine the most common rock mass quality factors, as well as their actual position and orientation in the state. Results are not reduced to 2D levels, but are presented in measured locations and directions. This method uses a virtual reality model, which presents the existing rock surface, measurements and planned rock spaces. The designer can freely move in the space or choose viewing angles and view spaces, measurements and their extensions, as well as planned spaces from different angles. The solution enhances the digital utilisation of measurements in the construction industry and helps designers understand all the measurement data and their impact on the location of future premises and design solutions. Through design solutions, it is possible to find solutions that are more cost-effective and faster than before.