GEMS-GLORI world river discharge database

The GEMS-GLORI register, circulated by UNEP for review in 1996, lists 555 world major rivers discharging to oceans (Q > 10 km**3/year, or A > 10 000 km**2, or sediment discharge > 5Mt/year, or basin population >5M people). Up to 48 river attributes are listed, including major ions and nutrients (C, N, P) in both dissolved, particulate, organic and inorganic forms. For many rivers, two or three sets of data are provided with relevant periods of records and references. Although half of the selected rivers are not yet documented for water quality, most of the first 40 rivers are well described (Irrawady, Zambezi, Ogooue, Magdalena, are noted exceptions). Altogether about 10 000 individual data from 500 references are listed. The global coverage in terms of river discharge and/or drainage area ranges from 40 to 67% for most major water quality attributes but drops to 25% for some organic and/or particulate forms of N and P. Planned development of the register includes collection of information on particulate chemistry and data on endorheic rivers and selected tributaries.

GEMS-GLORI登记库由联合国环境规划署（UNEP）于1996年发布以供评审，该库收录了555条注入海洋的世界主要河流，入选标准为：径流量Q>10 km³/年、流域面积A>10000 km²、输沙量>5 Mt/年，或流域人口>500万。该库共收录至多48项河流属性指标，涵盖溶解态、颗粒态、有机及无机形态下的主要离子与营养盐（碳C、氮N、磷P）。针对多数河流，库中提供了2至3组对应监测时段的数据集及相关参考文献。尽管入选河流中有半数尚未有水质相关记录，但前40条河流中的绝大多数均有详细记载（伊洛瓦底江、赞比西河、奥果韦河及马格达莱纳河为已知例外）。库中共收录来自500篇参考文献的约10000条独立数据记录。就多数主要水质指标而言，该库在河流径流量和/或流域面积方面的全球覆盖范围为40%至67%，但针对部分有机态及颗粒态氮、磷指标，覆盖比例降至25%。该登记库的后续规划开发内容包括收集颗粒态化学组分相关信息，以及内流河与选定支流的相关数据。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

GEMS-GLORI世界河流排放数据库是一个包含555条世界主要河流排放数据的综合数据集，涵盖多项水质和地理属性，数据来源于500篇参考文献，共10,000条个体数据，覆盖全球40%至67%的主要水质属性。