WWT 'Wetlands for Water Quality' potential, GB

This dataset maps where potential 'wetlands for water quality' could be placed in the landscape to help improve water quality across Great Britain. The analysis focused on locations where there is both the need and the potential for wetlands targeted at improving water quality, for example, via constructed treatment wetlands (CTWs) or more natural, free-flowing wetlands (such as swales and integrated constructed wetlands). The maps identify areas where wetland solutions could be implemented using natural flow paths and wetland-compatible (impermeable) soil-types. Locations both within and outside of the mapped areas may be suitable for more engineered CTWs targeted at specific pollution sources. This potential was mapped within 'demand' catchments (found within this dataset) which should be viewed alongside this layer. These 'demand' catchments helped to refine the map to areas where wetlands could provide the greatest benefits. The absence of potential in a catchment does not, therefore, imply that there are no suitable areas for wetlands in these areas, or that there are no issues with water quality where wetlands could provide solutions. This wetland potential map is not prescriptive at the site level and does not replace the need for detailed site selection processes, feasibility studies, and regulatory processes. The intention is to illustrate the overall potential and to direct users’ thoughts in a strategic way, rather than precisely telling them where to put wetlands, or specifying where action should or will necessarily take place. WWT are calling for the creation of 100,000 hectares of new and restored wetlands in the UK by 2050. This map is a part of WWT’s Roadmap to 100,000 hectares project, which aims to assess both the spatial and economic potential for large-scale wetland restoration targeted at tackling some of the key issues faced by UK society. The work has a particular focus on four themes where wetlands can provide solutions, namely (1) wetlands for carbon storage (specifically saltmarsh for blue carbon), (2) wetlands for urban wellbeing, (3) wetlands for flood resilience, and (4) wetlands for water quality. Wetland potential for water quality, carbon storage, flood resilience and urban wellbeing has been mapped. Full methodology can be found here. Attributes: Heading Description wb_id_1 ID number of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) waterbody catchment in which the wetland potential parcel is located wb_name_1 Name of the WFD waterbody catchment in which the wetland potential parcel is located country_1 UK country in which the wetland potential parcel is located wt_area_ha Area of the wetland potential parcel, in hectares total Number of zones within/around six potential pollution sources, in which the mapped wetland parcel fell (see methods). Data sources for attributes: WFD river waterbody catchments: England, Wales, Scotland WFD coastal catchments: England, Wales, Scotland

本数据集绘制了英国全境可部署水质提升型湿地（wetlands for water quality）的潜在区位，旨在助力改善全域水质。本次分析聚焦同时具备水质提升型湿地建设需求与实施潜力的区域，可通过人工处理湿地（constructed treatment wetlands, CTWs）或更自然的自由流湿地（如渗滤浅沟与集成式人工湿地）实现水质改善目标。

本地图识别了可依托自然径流路径与适配湿地的防渗（impermeable）土壤类型部署湿地解决方案的区域。位于该映射区域内外的所有区位，均可能适合针对特定污染源的定制化人工处理湿地。

本次潜力映射基于本数据集内的“需求型汇水区”开展，需结合本图层一并参考。此类“需求型汇水区”用于优化筛选出湿地可发挥最大生态效益的区域。需注意，某汇水区未显示潜在区位，并不代表该区域无适合的湿地部署点，亦不代表该区域不存在可通过湿地解决的水质问题。

本湿地潜力地图并非针对具体场地的规范性文件，无法替代详细的场地遴选流程、可行性研究与合规审批流程。其旨在展示整体潜在区位，以战略层面引导用户思考，而非精准指定湿地部署点位，亦不界定必须或必然开展行动的区域。

英国湿地与水鸟信托（Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust, WWT）呼吁到2050年在英国新增并修复10万公顷湿地。本地图属于WWT的“10万公顷湿地路线图”项目的一部分，该项目旨在评估面向英国社会核心问题的大规模湿地修复的空间与经济潜力。本次研究特别聚焦四大可通过湿地提供解决方案的主题：（1）碳储存型湿地（特指用于蓝碳（blue carbon）的盐沼）；（2）城市宜居型湿地；（3）防洪型湿地；（4）水质提升型湿地。当前已完成水质提升、碳储存、防洪及城市宜居四类湿地的潜力映射。完整研究方法可查阅此处。

属性说明如下：
1. wb_id_1：湿地潜力地块所在的水框架指令（Water Framework Directive, WFD）水体汇水区编号
2. wb_name_1：湿地潜力地块所在的WFD水体汇水区名称
3. country_1：湿地潜力地块所在的英国国家行政区
4. wt_area_ha：湿地潜力地块面积，单位为公顷
5. total：映射的湿地地块所覆盖的6类潜在污染源区域内/周边的分区总数（详见方法文档）

属性数据来源：
- WFD河流水体汇水区：英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰
- WFD沿海汇水区：英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰