The complete chloroplast genome sequence of <i>Malus</i> × <i>adstringens</i> Zabel ‘Hopa’ (Rosaceae)
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<i>Malus</i> × <i>adstringens</i> Zabel ‘Hopa’ is an important crabapple cultivar with significant ornamental value. Here, we assembled its complete chloroplast (cp) genome using the next-generation sequencing technology to clarify the phylogenetic relationships in <i>Malus</i>. The total length of the complete chloroplast genome was 160,230 base pairs (bp) with a GC content of 36.50%, consisting of a large single-copy (LSC) region with a sequence length of 88,310 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region with a sequence length of 19,196 bp, and a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions of 26,362 bp. The complete chloroplast genome contained 128 genes, namely 84 protein-coding genes, 36 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. In addition, 73 SSRs were found in the <i>M</i>. ‘Hopa’ cp genome. The phylogenetic relationship of <i>M.</i> ‘Hopa’ in <i>Malus</i> is closely related to <i>M. spectabilis</i> (Aiton) Borkh. and then to <i>M. sieversii</i> (Lebed.) M. Roem. Our results demonstrate that it is feasible to resolve the phylogenetic relationships of crabapple cultivars and identify their putative maternal lineages using cp genomic data.
‘霍帕’粘毛海棠（Malus × adstringens Zabel ‘Hopa’）是具备显著观赏价值的重要海棠栽培品种。本研究借助下一代测序技术组装得到其完整叶绿体（chloroplast, cp）基因组，以阐明苹果属（Malus）内的系统发育关系。该完整叶绿体基因组总长度为160230碱基对（base pairs, bp），GC含量为36.50%，由长度为88310 bp的大单拷贝（large single-copy, LSC）区、长度为19196 bp的小单拷贝（small single-copy, SSC）区以及一对长度为26362 bp的反向重复（inverted repeat, IR）区构成。该完整叶绿体基因组共包含128个基因，其中包括84个蛋白质编码基因、36个转运RNA（transfer RNA, tRNA）基因以及8个核糖体RNA（ribosomal RNA, rRNA）基因。此外，在‘霍帕’粘毛海棠的叶绿体基因组中共检测到73个简单序列重复（simple sequence repeat, SSR）位点。‘霍帕’粘毛海棠在苹果属内的系统发育关系上与海棠花（Malus spectabilis (Aiton) Borkh.）亲缘关系最近，其次为新疆野苹果（Malus sieversii (Lebed.) M. Roem.）。本研究结果证实，利用叶绿体基因组数据解析海棠栽培品种的系统发育关系并推定其母系谱系是可行的。
