Detecting global electric consumption patterns from a spatial perspective and analyzing their inequality at different scales

Electric power resources are a crucial support for the development of modern society and plays an essential role in driving social progress. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG 7) calls for action to ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all. Therefore, ensuring the equitable distribution of energy resources is not only an economic issue but also a major challenge concerning social equity and sustainable development. Hence, using spatial downscaling methods to obtain fine-scale electric power consumption (EPC) distribution for inequality analysis is imperative. This study proposes an E-NPBL (EPC - Nighttime light, Population density, Building volume, and Land use) framework for modeling the high-quality EPC spatial datasets