The effect of thermally cool perch on mRNA expression of cytokines, toll-like receptors, and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the spleen of 32 week-old laying hens1.

1Data were presented as Mean±SEM. The data were calculated by the equation: tested mRNA quantity value (mean of replicated target mRNA value/GAPDH quantity mean of replicate endogenous control value).2Average number of observations per least square mean.GAPDH = glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; iNOS = inducible nitric oxide synthase; IL-1β = interleukin 1 beta; IL-6 = interleukin 6; TLR-4 = toll-like receptor 4; LITAF = lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α factor [43].The effect of thermally cool perch on mRNA expression of cytokines, toll-like receptors, and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the spleen of 32 week-old laying hens1.