AM-SegNet for additive manufacturing in situ X-ray image segmentation and feature quantification

Synchrotron X-ray imaging has been utilised to detect the dynamic behaviour of molten pools during the metal additive manufacturing (AM) process, where a substantial amount of imaging data is generated. Here, we develop an efficient and robust deep learning model, AM-SegNet, for segmenting and quantifying high-resolution X-ray images and prepare a large-scale database consisting of over 10,000 pixel-labelled images for model training and testing. AM-SegNet incorporates a lightweight convolution block and a customised attention mechanism, capable of performing semantic segmentation with high accuracy (∼96%) and processing speed (