Human microbiome contains billions of microorganisms thatplay important roles in the biological system and different diseases. Due to itscomplexity, conventional culture-independent technology may und
We analyzed 228 subgingival plaque samples. The subjects were consisted of 92 MZ twins, 24 DZ twins, and their family members (siblings and parents, n= 71). Additionally, there were 34 family members
This study investigated the oral microbial flora profiles and characteristics affected by the E-cigarettes smoking (E), common tobacco smoking (S), quitting smoking with tobacco o (Q) and non-smoking