固-液两相流黑水管道冲蚀磨损的数值模拟研究
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煤气化黑水处理系统管道由于其流体介质高含固体颗粒和腐蚀性介质，且工作在高温、高压差环境中，极易受到冲蚀磨损和腐蚀的耦合作用而失效，影响其服役寿命. 采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法数值模拟研究了煤气化黑水处理系统固-液两相流管道的冲蚀磨损行为和机理，以及流体介质速度和固体颗粒粒径对管道冲蚀磨损的影响规律，并分析了盲通管和涡室结构对弯管冲蚀磨损行为的优化改善效果. 研究结果显示，煤气化黑水处理系统管线的冲蚀高危区主要分布在弯管外拱和变径管等结构突变区域；管道冲蚀磨损行为与其内部流体的运动和颗粒冲击特性有关；管道的冲蚀率均随着流体速度的增加而加剧，而粒径对弯管和变径管冲蚀率的影响并非单调关系，这与颗粒受力作用有关；弯管优化分析显示，涡室结构可以降低弯管的最大冲蚀率，减缓弯管的冲蚀磨损.
The pipelines in the black water treatment system of coal gasification are highly prone to failure under the coupled action of erosion and corrosion due to their conveying media containing high concentrations of solid particles and corrosive substances, as well as operating under high-temperature and high-pressure differential conditions, which adversely affects their service life. This study adopts the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method to numerically simulate and explore the erosion wear behavior and mechanism of solid-liquid two-phase flow pipelines in the coal gasification black water treatment system, as well as the influence laws of fluid velocity and solid particle size on pipeline erosion wear. It also analyzes the optimization and improvement effects of blind passage pipes and volute chamber structures on the erosion wear behavior of elbows. The research findings indicate that the high-risk erosion zones of the pipelines in the coal gasification black water treatment system are mainly distributed in abrupt structural regions such as the extrados of elbows and reducing pipes; the pipeline erosion wear behavior is correlated with the internal fluid flow and particle impact characteristics; the pipeline erosion rate intensifies with the increase of fluid velocity, while the effect of particle size on the erosion rate of elbows and reducing pipes is non-monotonic, which is related to the forces acting on the particles; the elbow optimization analysis demonstrates that the volute chamber structure can reduce the maximum erosion rate of elbows and alleviate their erosion wear.
