Study sites and characteristics.

Land cover (in percentage) is presented for the watershed upstream of the rivermouth (RM). Ag = % of watershed with agricultural land cover; WDep = % of watershed covered by low-flow aquatic habitats (lakes +. wetlands); RMDep = % of watershed covered by low-flow aquatic habitats below the R site; CF = caddisflies; DM = dreissenid mussels. CF consumers were collected at all R sites. DM were collected at Cheboygan and Genesee R sites. Watershed land cover is not reported for sites where filter-feeding consumers could not be found.