Characteristics of included studies.

ADR: adverse drug reaction; Cardio: cardiology; CR: chart review; Depts: departments; DRP: drug-related problem; DRV: drug-related visit; ED: emergency department; GI: gastrointestinal; HAART: highly active antiretroviral therapy; IMD: internal medicine; M: months; MICU: medical intensive care unit; Nephro: nephrology; P: prospective; PI: patient interview; R: retrospective; Y: years.