<b>Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus and Anal Microbiota in Men Who Have Sex with Men and are Living with HIV in </b><b>Northern Taiwan </b>

This study focused on the interrelationships in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), anal human papillomavirus (HPV), and anal microbiota. We explored in a cohort of 291 persons living with HIV (PLWH), mainly comprising men who have sex with men. We found that in PLWH with CD4+ T cells &lt;500 cells/µL and anal cytology yielding atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance or higher grades (ASCUS+) with detectable HPV 16/18, the bacterial diversity was diminished, and Enterobacteriaceae, Ruminococcus, and Bacilli were significantly abundant. The signature microbiota profiles warrant further exploration.