Data Set for Hetley & Stine (2019)

When one views a square-wave grating and dichoptically changes the average luminance or contrast of the monocular images, at least three perceptual phenomena might occur. These are the Venetian blind effect, or a perceived rotation of the bars around individual vertical axes; binocular luster, or a perceived shimmering; and binocular rivalry, or an alternating perception between the views of the two eyes. Perception of luster and rivalry occur when the "light bars" in the grating dichoptically straddle the background luminance (one eye’s image has a higher luminance than the background and the other eye’s image has a lower luminance than the background), with little impact from the "dark bars." Perception of rotation, on the other hand, is related to average luminance or contrast disparity, independent of whether or not the "light bars" straddle the background luminance. The patterns for perceived rotation versus binocular luster and binocular rivalry suggest at least two separate mechanisms in the visual system for processing luminance and contrast information over and above their differing physiological states suggested by their different appearances. While luster and rivalry depend directly on the relation between stimuli and the background, perceived rotation depends on the magnitude of the luminance or contrast disparity, as described by the generalized difference model.当观察者注视方波光栅（square-wave grating），并在双眼分视条件下分别改变单眼图像的平均亮度或对比度时，至少会出现三种知觉现象：其一为百叶窗效应（Venetian blind effect），即感知到光栅条围绕各自垂直轴发生旋转；其二为双眼光泽感（binocular luster），即感知到闪烁现象；其三为双眼竞争（binocular rivalry），即双眼各自的视觉输入交替被感知的现象。当光栅的"亮条"双眼分视跨越背景亮度（即一只眼的图像亮度高于背景，另一只眼的图像亮度低于背景）时，会产生光泽感与竞争知觉，此时"暗条"的影响可忽略不计。而旋转知觉则与平均亮度或对比度差异相关，与"亮条"是否跨越背景亮度无关。相较于双眼光泽感与双眼竞争因外观差异所体现出的不同生理状态，旋转知觉与后两者的神经机制模式提示，视觉系统中至少存在两套独立的亮度与对比度信息加工通路。正如广义差异模型（generalized difference model）所描述的那样，双眼光泽感与双眼竞争直接依赖于刺激与背景的关系，而旋转知觉则取决于亮度或对比度差异的幅度。