NEUROBIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF AUTONOMIC AND PSYCHOSOMATIC DYSREGULATION IN TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA: MOLECULAR AND CENTRAL SENSITIZATION PERSPECTIVES

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a chronic neuropathic pain condition characterized by recurrent, brief episodes of severe, electric shock-like facial pain distributed along one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve. Although traditionally attributed to neurovascular compression and focal demyelination, contemporary research demonstrates that TN represents a complex disorder involving peripheral nerve injury, central sensitization, neuroinflammation, autonomic imbalance, and psychosomatic dysregulation (1,3).