Information in control group, COPD model group and ZSWQF group

(1) The WBC count in the COPD model group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01), while it was lower in the Zangsiwei Qingfei Mixture group. No significant differences were observed in organ weights, ALT, or Cr levels among the groups. (2) Serum and BALF levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α were higher in the COPD model group compared to the control group (P<0.05), while these levels were lower in the Zangsiwei Qingfei Mixture group than in the COPD model group (P<0.05).