Primers used for strand-specific RT-PCR in this study.

*The oligo(dT) primer was used for reverse transcription (RT) to synthesize the complementary DNAs (cDNAs) for each mRNA. **The size of the cDNA fragment amplified by each pair of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers is shown in base pairs (bp). #A sense primer was used for the reverse transcription of the iNOS antisense transcript (asRNA). CXCL1, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; IL-23A, interleukin 23, α subunit p19; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; NF-κB, nuclear factor κB; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α.