GRSM_SOILS_GENERAL

This dataset consists of general soil association units. It was developed by the National Cooperative Soil Survey and supersedes the State Soil Geographic (STATSGO) dataset published in 1994. It consists of a broad based inventory of soils and non-soil areas that occur in a repeatable pattern on the landscape and that can be cartographically shown at the scale mapped of 1:250,000 in the continental U.S., Hawaii, Puerto, and the Virgin Islands and 1:1,000,000 in Alaska. The dataset was created by generalizing more detailed soil survey maps. Where more detailed soil survey maps were not available, data on geology, topography, vegetation, and climate were assembled, together with Land Remote Sensing Satellite (LANDSAT) images. Soils of like areas were studied, and the probable classification and extent of the soils were determined. Map unit composition was determined by transecting or sampling areas on the more detailed maps and expanding the data statistically to characterize the entire map unit. This dataset consists of georeferenced vector digital data and tabular digital data. The map data were collected in 1- by 2-degree topographic quadrangle units and merged into a seamless national dataset. The soil map units are linked to attributes in the National Soil Information system relational database, which gives the proportionate extent of the component soils and their properties. These data provide information about soil features on or near the surface of the Earth. Data were collected as part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey. These data are intended for geographic display and analysis at the state, regional, and national level. The data should be displayed and analyzed at scales appropriate for 1:250,000-scale data. These data are a subset of a larger dataset published by the organization listed in the credits. Great Smoky Mountains National Park makes these data available in this form such that users can: effectively manipulate data for park mapping activities that do not require the acquisition of a large, nation-wide data set; alter symbology and rendering parameters natively; restrict analysis of geospatial data to an extent that coincides with the park footprint. The corresponding Integration of Resource Management Applications (IRMA) NPS Data Store reference is Great Smoky Mountains National Park General Soils.本数据集包含通用土壤组合单元，由国家合作土壤调查（National Cooperative Soil Survey）研发，替代了1994年发布的州土壤地理（STATSGO）数据集。其涵盖美国本土、夏威夷、波多黎各及维尔京群岛范围内以1:250000成图比例尺、阿拉斯加范围内以1:1000000成图比例尺可制图表达的，在地表景观中呈重复分布模式的土壤与非土壤区域的全面清查数据。本数据集通过概化更详细的土壤调查地图生成。在缺乏详细土壤调查地图的区域，研究人员会整合地质、地形、植被与气候数据，结合陆地遥感卫星（LANDSAT）影像开展分析。通过对相似区域的土壤开展研究，确定该区域土壤的潜在分类与分布范围。图斑组成则通过在详细地图上进行样带布设或区域采样，经统计学扩展以表征整个图斑的特征。本数据集包含地理参考矢量数字数据与表格数字数据。地图数据以1°×2°地形四角图幅为单位采集，随后合并为无缝全国数据集。土壤图斑与国家土壤信息系统（National Soil Information System）关系型数据库中的属性相关联，该数据库提供了组成土壤的占比范围及其理化性质。这些数据提供了地球表面或近地表的土壤特征相关信息，由国家合作土壤调查项目采集所得。本数据集旨在用于州级、区域级与国家级的地理可视化与分析，且应在匹配1:250000比例尺数据的适宜比例尺下进行展示与分析。本数据集是鸣谢部分所列机构发布的更大规模数据集的子集。大烟山国家公园（Great Smoky Mountains National Park）以该形式提供本数据集，以便用户能够高效处理无需获取全国范围大型数据集的公园制图相关数据、原生修改符号体系与渲染参数，以及将地理空间数据分析的范围限定为与公园边界一致的区域。本数据集对应的资源管理应用集成（IRMA）国家公园管理局（NPS）数据存储库引用项为：大烟山国家公园通用土壤数据集。