School Neighborhood Poverty Estimates, 2017-18

The 2017-2018 School Neighborhood Poverty Estimates are based on school locations from the 2017-2018 Common Core of Data (CCD) school file and income data from families with children ages 5 to 17 in the U.S. Census Bureau’s 2014-2018 American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year collection. The ACS is a continuous household survey that collects social, demographic, economic, and housing information from the population in the United States each month. The Census Bureau calculates the income-to-poverty ratio (IPR) based on money income reported for families relative to the poverty thresholds, which are determined based on the family size and structure. Noncash benefits (such as food stamps and housing subsidies) are excluded, as are capital gains and losses. The IPR is the percentage of family income that is above or below the federal poverty level. The IPR indicator ranges from 0 to a top-coded value of 999. A family with income at the poverty threshold has an IPR value of 100. The estimates in this file reflect the IPR for the neighborhoods around schools which may be different from the neighborhood conditions of students enrolled in schools. All information contained in this file is in the public domain. Data users are advised to review NCES program documentation and feature class metadata to understand the limitations and appropriate use of these data.2017-2018学年学校周边贫困估计数据集，以2017-2018年共同核心数据（Common Core of Data, CCD）学校文件中的学校位置信息为基础，结合美国人口普查局2014-2018年美国社区调查（American Community Survey, ACS）5年汇总数据集内5至17岁有子女家庭的收入数据编制而成。美国社区调查是一项持续性家庭调查，每月面向美国全体民众收集社会、人口、经济与住房领域的相关信息。人口普查局以家庭申报的货币收入为基准，结合根据家庭规模与结构制定的贫困线标准，计算收入贫困比（Income-to-Poverty Ratio, IPR）。非现金福利（如食品券、住房补贴）及资本损益均不纳入该指标的统计范畴。收入贫困比指家庭收入相对于联邦贫困线的比例，取值范围为0至上限编码值999：当家庭收入恰好等于贫困线时，其IPR值为100。本文件中的估计值仅反映学校周边社区的收入贫困比情况，可能与该校在读学生实际所在社区的状况存在差异。本文件收录的所有信息均属于公共领域。建议数据使用者查阅美国国家教育统计中心（National Center for Education Statistics, NCES）的项目文档与要素类元数据，以充分了解该类数据的局限性与合理使用规范。