FjordLight: PAR data for Arctic fjords@en

Fjords play a pivotal role in the Arctic, for both the natural world and human societies. It is therefore of the utmost importance that the key parametres of these systems be monitored and quantified in order to better manage them. The collection of temperature and salinity data for many Arctic fjords is well documented, but data for other values, like light availability, are scarce. It is to address this shortcoming that this dataset has been created. Herein one may find data for the surface PAR, Kd, and bottom PAR of seven well studied and representative fjords throughout the European Arctic. The three PAR variables were created via remotely sensed estimates of surface irradiance and turbidity. This output was then mapped to the highest resolution bathymetry data available (~ 50 - 200 m grid) to create a high resolution output. All of the PAR variables are available as overall global averages, monthly climatologies, and annual averages for all months when light is present (March - October). The bottom PAR data are also available as monthly averages per year, making these data the majority of the volume of the dataset. An R package 'FjordLight' has been developed to aid in the access and handling of these data, and their applicability is demonstrated in an ESSD publication.峡湾在北极的自然生态系统与人类社会中均发挥着关键作用。因此，对这类系统的关键参数进行监测与量化，以实现更科学的管理，具有至关重要的意义。目前，诸多北极峡湾的温度与盐度数据采集工作已有完整记录，但光照可用性等其他参数的相关数据却较为匮乏。本数据集正是为弥补这一研究空白而构建。 本数据集涵盖了欧洲北极地区7个经过充分研究且具有代表性的峡湾的表层光合有效辐射（Photosynthetically Active Radiation，PAR）、Kd以及底层光合有效辐射数据。这三类光合有效辐射参数通过遥感反演的表层辐照度与浊度数据生成，随后将该反演结果与现有最高分辨率的水深地形数据（约50-200米网格）进行匹配，从而得到高分辨率的数据集输出。 所有光合有效辐射参数均提供了全域平均值、月平均气候态数据以及光照活跃月份（3月至10月）的逐年平均值。底层光合有效辐射数据还额外提供了逐年的月平均值，这类数据构成了本数据集的主要体量。研究团队已开发R语言工具包"FjordLight"以辅助用户获取与处理此类数据，且该数据集的应用场景已在《Earth System Science Data》（ESSD）期刊的一篇论文中得到验证。