Immunoglobulin detection in wild birds: effectiveness of three secondary anti-avian IgY antibodies in direct ELISAs in 41 avian species

1.Immunological reagents for wild, non-model species are limited or often non-existent for many species. 2. In this study, we compare the reactivity of a new anti-passerine IgY secondary antibody with existing secondary antibodies developed for use with birds. Samples from 41 species from the following six avian orders were analysed: Anseriformes (1 family, 1 species), Columbiformes (1 family, 2 species), Galliformes (1 family, 1 species), Passeriformes (16 families, 34 species), Piciformes (1 family, 2 species) and Suliformes (1 family, 1 species). Direct ELISAs were performed to detect total IgY using goat anti-passerine IgY, goat anti-chicken IgY or goat anti-bird IgY secondary antibodies. 3.The anti-passerine antibody exhibited significantly higher IgY reactivity compared to the anti-chicken and/or anti-bird antibodies in 80% of the passerine families tested. Birds in the order Piciformes (woodpeckers) and order Suliformes (cormorants) were poorly detected by all three seconda...1. 针对野生非模式物种的免疫试剂往往稀缺，多数物种甚至完全缺乏此类试剂。 2. 本研究对比了一种新型抗雀形目免疫球蛋白Y（IgY）二抗与现有鸟类专用二抗的反应活性。本次分析涵盖了6个鸟类目级类群共41个物种，具体类群如下：雁形目（Anseriformes，1科1种）、鸽形目（Columbiformes，1科2种）、鸡形目（Galliformes，1科1种）、雀形目（Passeriformes，16科34种）、鴷形目（Piciformes，1科2种）及鹈形目（Suliformes，1科1种）。本实验采用直接酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA），分别使用山羊抗雀形目IgY、山羊抗鸡IgY及山羊抗鸟类IgY二抗来检测总IgY。 3. 在本次检测的雀形目类群中，有80%的科可检测到抗雀形目抗体的IgY反应活性显著高于抗鸡IgY和/或抗鸟类IgY抗体。鴷形目（啄木鸟类）及鹈形目（鸬鹚类）的鸟类，三种二抗均难以检测到其