Telemedicine-supported Rehabilitation after COVID-19 infection (long-covid)

The data are a cross-sectional analysis, of a study (DRKS00026245) collected between September 2021 and June 2022. The study was conducted at Hannover Medical School (Lower Saxony, Germany) by the Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, the Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Department of Neurology, and the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology. Patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome were studied. We included patients from October 2021 to May 2022. The Clinic for Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine at Hannover Medical School in cooperation with the Department of Respiratory Medicine was responsible for the study design, statistical planning, inclusion of study participants, data collection and analysis. Medical evaluation and Exercise testing: After study inclusion, all subjects completed a comprehensive medical evaluation including pulmonary function testing measured by body plethysmography standardized to European Respiratory Society (ERS). We assessed height and weight in a standardized fashion and estimated fat and fat-free mass with a bioimpedance analysis (InBody 720, Biospace, Seoul, Korea). To determine steps per day, patients received a wearable (Forerunner 45, Garmin, Olathe, United States). For testing parameters of exercise capacity and maximum power output patients performed an incremental exercise test using a spirometric system (Oxycon CPX, CareFusion, Würzburg, Germany) on a speed independent bicycle ergometer (Ergoline P150, Bitz, Germany) with 60 to 70 revolutions per minute. The exercise test were carried out in the presence of a physician (specialist for cardiology or internal medicine) together with a sports scientist or a medical technical assistant, all experienced and trained in conducting, evaluating and interpreting exercise performance diagnostics. Except six examinations the incremental test started with a load of 20 Watt (W) increasing in 10 W steps every minute and was stopped with the onset of subjective overexertion because of peripheral muscle fatigue and/or pulmonary limitations. The subjective perceived exertion was assessed by the Borg-scale (Borg G. Borg's perceived exertion and pain scales. Champaign, IL, US: Human Kinetics; 1998.). Heart rate and oxygen uptake were continuously measured breath by breath. Body weight normalized values for maximum power output and VO2max were also expressed as percentage to age- and gender-adjusted reference values (Löllgen H, Leyk D. Exercise Testing in Sports Medicine. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2018 Jun 15;115(24):409-416.; Rapp D, Scharhag J, Wagenpfeil S, Scholl J. Reference values for peak oxygen uptake: cross-sectional analysis of cycle ergometry-based cardiopulmonary exercise tests of 10 090 adult German volunteers from the Prevention First Registry. BMJ Open 2018 Mar 5;8(3):e018697-018697.). The 6MWT is a test to assess submaximal exercise capacity by walking distance. Participants walked a slope-free corridor for a total of six minutes at their own speed and the reached distance was recorded in meters (ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function Laboratories. ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002 Jul 1;166(1):111-117.). The tests were supervised by a trained sports scientists or medical technical assistants. Questionnaires: We distributed a questionnaire for the estimation of HrQoL (short form 36 [SF-36]). We assessed the severity of depression and anxiety with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (Snaith RP. The Hospital Anxiety And Depression Scale. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2003 Aug 1;1:29-29.) and the Fatigue was measured with the FAS (© FAS Fatigue Assessment Scale: ild care foundation [http://www.ildcare.nl]). Data format: The data is stored in an Excel spreadsheet with the .xlsx data format. Units: Questionnaires - points oxygen uptake - ml/min/kg ; % power output - W ; W/kg pulmonary capacity - ml 6MWT - m本数据集为横断面分析数据，来源于2021年9月至2022年6月间开展的一项研究（注册号DRKS00026245）。该研究由德国下萨克森州汉诺威医学院的康复与运动医学系、呼吸内科、神经内科以及风湿免疫科共同实施，研究对象为新冠后综合征（post-COVID-19 syndrome）患者，纳入时间为2021年10月至2022年5月。汉诺威医学院康复与运动医学诊所联合呼吸内科负责本研究的设计、统计规划、研究对象招募、数据采集与分析。 医学评估与运动测试：受试者入组后需完成全面医学评估，包括按照欧洲呼吸学会（European Respiratory Society, ERS）标准通过体容积描记法开展的肺功能检测。以标准化方式测量身高与体重，并采用生物电阻抗分析法（InBody 720型，Biospace公司，韩国首尔）估算体脂与去脂体重。为获取每日步数数据，受试者将佩戴可穿戴设备（Forerunner 45型，Garmin公司，美国奥拉西）。为测试运动能力与最大功率输出参数，受试者需在速度无关型自行车功率计（Ergoline P150型，Bitz公司，德国）上完成递增负荷运动测试，转速维持在60~70转/分钟，测试系统采用肺量计系统（Oxycon CPX型，CareFusion公司，德国维尔茨堡）。除6次测试外，所有递增测试均以20瓦特（W）为起始负荷，每分钟以10W的幅度递增，直至受试者因外周肌肉疲劳和/或肺部受限出现主观过度劳累时停止测试。采用博格量表（Borg G. Borg's perceived exertion and pain scales. Champaign, IL, US: Human Kinetics; 1998.）评估主观劳累感知程度。心率与摄氧量采用逐次呼吸方式连续监测。将最大功率输出与最大摄氧量（VO2max）的体重标准化值，同时换算为年龄与性别校正参考值的百分比（参考文献：Löllgen H, Leyk D. Exercise Testing in Sports Medicine. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2018 Jun 15;115(24):409-416.; Rapp D, Scharhag J, Wagenpfeil S, Scholl J. Reference values for peak oxygen uptake: cross-sectional analysis of cycle ergometry-based cardiopulmonary exercise tests of 10 090 adult German volunteers from the Prevention First Registry. BMJ Open 2018 Mar 5;8(3):e018697-018697.）。 6分钟步行试验（6-minute walk test, 6MWT）用于评估亚极量运动能力，受试者需在无坡度的走廊内以自主速度步行6分钟，记录步行总距离（单位：米）（参考指南：ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function Laboratories. ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002 Jul 1;166(1):111-117.）。所有测试均由经过培训的运动科学家或医学技术助理监督实施。 问卷部分：本研究采用健康相关生活质量简表（Short Form 36, SF-36）评估健康相关生活质量（Health-related Quality of Life, HrQoL）；采用医院焦虑抑郁量表（Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS）评估抑郁与焦虑严重程度（参考文献：Snaith RP. The Hospital Anxiety And Depression Scale. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2003 Aug 1;1:29-29.）；采用疲劳评估量表（Fatigue Assessment Scale, FAS）评估疲劳程度（© FAS Fatigue Assessment Scale: ild care foundation [http://www.ildcare.nl]）。 数据格式与单位：本数据集以.xlsx格式存储于Excel电子表格中。各指标单位如下：问卷得分以"分"为单位；摄氧量以"ml/min/kg"为单位；最大功率输出以"W"、"W/kg"为单位；肺功能指标以"ml"为单位；6分钟步行试验距离以"m"为单位。